Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) role
Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles requires greater degree of professionalism
Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
In light social drinkers nearly all the alcohol consumed is taken care of by alcohol dehydrogenase. However, the enzyme Cytochrome P450 2E1 (abbreviated CYP2E1) becomes quite active in metabolizing alcohol in chronic heavy drinkers. CYP2E1 does its work in the liver. The hydrogen released by this reaction is bound to oxygen and to NADPH to form water and NADP+. This reaction takes energy rather than producing it. CYP2E1 does its work in the microsomes of the cell. This is sometimes referred to as MEOS (Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System). CYP2E1 is a member of the Cytochrome P450 enzyme family as a better way of understanding NAD says doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President, and founder of AWAREmed health and wellness resource center. And now let’s turn to the last type of enzyme as stated previously.
Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Catalase
Catalase is found in tiny organs inside of cells called peroxisomes. Catalase is found all over the human body. When catalase turns alcohol into acetaldehyde the hydrogen which is released is bound to hydrogen peroxide molecules which then become water. Although catalase is active everywhere in the body, catalase is of particular interest to researchers because it metabolizes alcohol in the brain. The acetaldehyde released into the brain by the metabolism of alcohol by catalase has the potential to combine with neurotransmitters to form new compounds known as THIQs (tetrahydroisoquinolines, also sometimes called TIQs). Some researchers believe that THIQs are the cause of alcohol addiction and that the presence of THIQs distinguishes addicted drinkers from social drinkers. Other researchers strongly dispute the validity of the THIQ hypothesis of alcohol addiction. The actual role of THIQs remains controversial and calls for further research.
How Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase Works
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase does its work in the mitochondria of cells and removes a hydrogen atom from acetaldehyde to produce an acetic acid radical. This hydrogen atom combines with NAD+ to form NADH. There are several varieties of aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body. The one which normally breaks down acetaldehyde is called ALDH2. There is another variety aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body which is called ALDH2*2. ALDH2*2 is only about 8% as efficient as ALDH2 in metabolizing acetaldehyde. Some East Asian people have ALDH2*2 instead of ALDH2 in their bodies. These individuals find the effect of alcohol to be very unpleasant and that is going to form part of our discussion in the next article which I am persuaded you don’t want to miss.
Finally, doctor Akoury reiterates that the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes are found in many tissues of the body, but are at the highest concentration in the liver further explaining why alcohol addiction can be very dangerous to your health. And having known that, it will interest you to note that, the formation of AWAREmed health center was not just for the purpose of creation awareness about the effects of substance abuse, but also for finding the ultimate solution. And that is why away from creating awareness, doctor Akoury’s practices also focuses on the personalized medicine through healthy lifestyle choices that deal with primary prevention and underlying causes instead of patching up symptoms making her your best choice.
Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
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