Tag Archives: Opiate

Addiction

Disturbing heroin addiction realities

September 2, 2016
Disturbing heroin addiction

Disturbing heroin addiction realities requires all of us embrace healthy lifestyle for the whole family

Disturbing heroin addiction realities: Understanding the drug as it is

Having discussed the question how do I know if I have a heroin problem in the previous article, we want to take time and discuss the remaining three in this article to appreciate the effects of heroin addiction and treatment. Again we are going to be relying on the expert opinions from AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under the able leadership of doctor Dalal Akoury’s care. Dr. Akoury is also the founder of the facility and has been in the medical practice for well over two decades making her to be one of the most experienced medical doctors when it comes to drug addiction and other areas of concern.

 

  1. How Do I Know if I Have a Heroin Problem?
  2. What is Heroin and how is it Used?
  3. Effects of Heroin Use
  4. Treatment for Heroin and Opiate Addiction

What is heroin and how is it used?

Heroin is an illegal, semi-synthetic drug processed from morphine, a substance extracted from the opium poppy. It is used as a recreational drug for the intense feelings of relaxation and euphoria it induces. Heroin is typically sold as a white or brownish powder or as a black, sticky substance known as “black tar heroin.” Most street heroin is “cut” with other drugs or with substances such as sugar or starch. Heroin can also be cut with poisons like strychnine.

Heroin is usually dissolved and injected, or the powder is snorted or smoked. All forms of heroin are psychologically and physically addictive, and a tolerance to the drug builds quickly. IV or intramuscular heroin use poses special problems because of the potential for transmitting infectious diseases. Over the past decade, researchers have observed a shift in heroin use patterns, from injection to snorting and smoking. With this shift comes an even more diverse group of users.

Disturbing heroin addiction realities: Effects of heroin use

Short-Term Effects: Soon after administration, heroin crosses the blood-brain barrier. Users report feelings a surge of intense pleasure (a “rush”). This is usually accompanied by a warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and a heavy feeling in the extremities. Nausea, vomiting, and severe itching may also occur. After the initial effects, the heroin user will typically be drowsy for several hours. Mental function is clouded by heroin’s effect on the central nervous system. Cardiac function slows. Breathing also slows sometimes to the point of death. The following are some of the short term heroin effects:

  • Euphoria
  • Depressed respiration
  • Flushed skin
  • Clouded mental functioning/sedation
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Suppression of pain
  • Infectious diseases

Long-Term Effects: One of the most harmful long-term effects of heroin abuse is addiction itself. Addiction is a chronic disease, characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite negative consequences, and by changes in the brain. Heroin also produces profound degrees of tolerance and physical dependence, which contributes heavily to abuse. Painful withdrawal symptoms occur if use is reduced abruptly. The following are some of the long term effects of heroin:

  • Addiction
  • Problems with the heart, liver and kidneys
  • Overdose Risk
  • Infectious diseases, for example, HIV/AIDS and hepatitis
  • Collapsed veins
  • Abscesses (at injection sites)
  • Arthritis and other rheumatological problems
  • Infection of heart lining and valves
  • Depressed lung function

We will be discussing the last bit of treatment in the next posting and you don’t want to miss that. In the meantime, you can schedule for an appointment with doctor Akoury should you have any concern about this discussion or any relating to any kind of addiction.

Disturbing heroin addiction realities: Understanding the drug as it is

 

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The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate

June 18, 2015

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate: The reasons why detoxification must be done

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate are very necessary for the eventual recovery from addiction

When one is suffering from drug addiction, the first thing that the individual needs to do is to accept that he or she has a problem that needs to be fixed. This is always one step that often looks very easy but on paper but always very difficult in practice. However when we succeed in this then the next step would be to detoxify. This is what we want to concentrate on in this article so that we can begin to appreciate the positive solutions accruing from the process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate. We will be relying heavily on the expertise of the experts at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center to shed more light about this first step of drug addiction treatment.

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate: Cocaine Detoxification

First of all medical detoxification is a process that systematically and safely withdraws people from addicting drugs this process is usually done under the care of a qualified physician. The consequences of drinking alcohol or using drugs is that when abused over a period of time, they can cause physical dependence and stopping them can result in withdrawal symptoms in people with this dependence. Therefore detoxification process is designed primarily to treat the immediate bodily effects of stopping drug use and to remove toxins left in the body as a result of the chemicals found in drugs or alcohol.

While at the present time, no proven pharmacologic therapy for cocaine addiction exists, several kinds of medications have been used in the detoxification of cocaine. Withdrawal from chronic cocaine use produces anxiety, depression and intense cravings for the drug. Several types of medications address these issues in different ways.

  • Antidepressant drugs such as desipramine or a combination of phentermine and fenfluramine have been used to reduce cocaine withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety and depression.
  • Benzodiazepines, tranquilizers such as Diazepam, have been used to reverse anxiety induced by cocaine withdrawal.
  • Amantadine, a drug used to treat Parkinson’s Disease, may be an effective treatment for cocaine-dependent patients with severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms and may reduce cocaine craving.
  • Bromocriptine, a drug that works on the brain’s dopamine system, has been used to decrease the craving for cocaine during detoxification and to reduce mood disturbance.
  • Propanolol, a beta-blocker drug used to treat high blood pressure, may be useful for severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms, as it slows down the effects of adrenaline, thereby calming the body’s “fight or flight” response to stressful situations.

This type of drug has been used to treat general anxiety and anxiety associated with alcohol withdrawal. Propranolol’s lessening of symptoms such as palpitations and sweating has helped reduce cocaine craving. Its use, however, is not risk free in patients who have taken cocaine and can be associated with decreased blood flow to the heart and other changes that predispose patients to arrhythmia and a severe increase in blood pressure that can lead to a stroke. Delayed toxic effects are possible. Any use of beta-blockers in this setting requires careful monitoring and caution.

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate: Opiate Detoxification

Medical Detoxification: In order to withdraw from certain addictive substances safely, it may be preferable and in some cases necessary to undergo medically supervised detoxification in a hospital or residential treatment center that has a detoxification unit. This would be advisable for patients that have been using an addictive substance heavily for a longer period of time and are more likely to have more severe withdrawal symptoms, or those with other significant health problems. Inpatient detoxification allows the patient to be closely monitored throughout the process and given appropriate medication to prevent severe withdrawal symptoms. It commonly involves the gradual administration of decreasing doses (tapering) of an agent that is related to the original drug of abuse that is now substituted to prevent withdrawal.

Rapid Detoxification: In this procedure drug withdrawal occurs while patients are asleep under general anesthesia. The patient is given intravenous injections of medications called opiate blockers which stop the action of narcotics and opiate drugs as well as injections of other medications that reduce the symptoms of withdrawal such as muscle relaxants or anti-nausea medications. This process results in rapid withdrawal from the physical effects of addiction. Through the use of opiate blockers such as naltrexone, naloxone, and nalmephine, physical detoxification is achieved within 4 to 8 hours. Rapid detox takes place in an intensive care unit of a hospital. Patients are usually discharged within 48 hours following recovery from anesthesia and assessment of their physical status.

Rapid detoxification helps reduce the distress of opiate withdrawal for people who are chemically dependent on narcotics such as heroin, Vicodin, Percocet, Demerol, Dilaudid, Darvocet, OxyContin, opium, morphine, codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, prescription painkillers, and all narcotic type drugs. It shortens the detoxification period and spares patients the pain and physical discomforts of withdrawal. It may be of great benefit to patients who suffer from severe withdrawal symptoms and who have failed repeatedly to complete conventional withdrawal programs. However, there are significant costs as well as risks associated with the use of general anesthesia. It is imperative that the procedure be performed by medical professionals who are highly trained in these procedures in a medical setting that is fully equipped to deal with any complications that may arise.

Ultra Rapid Detoxification: This procedure involves putting patients under general anesthesia and giving them a drug called Naltrexone which blocks all of their endorphin receptors. This accelerates the withdrawal process, pushing them into 100% detoxification within a 5-30 minute period. Although this is an extremely painful process it is tolerable under anesthesia. As with rapid detoxification, it is very costly and has significant medical risk.

Outpatient Detoxification: Outpatient medical detoxification is usually safe and effective for people who are more likely to have mild to moderate withdrawal symptoms. For instance, opiate detoxification in the outpatient primary care setting can be accomplished with a variety of medications such as buprenorphine-naloxone (BUP/NX) or clonidine alone or combined with naltrexone. Buprenex, approved by the FDA, can be given on an outpatient basis by physicians who receive required eight-hour training. Using Buprenex, the detoxification can take between 7-14 days.

Methadone: The most common method of opiate detoxification is to use Methadone in an approved clinic and slowly taper the patient down from the usual dose to zero over a period of approximately 21 days. This process still entails an uncomfortable withdrawal period and patients often use drugs during the withdrawal period. Now that you know what detoxification can do to those who are struggling with drug addiction, and being the first step of treatment, you can schedule for an appointment with doctor Dalal Akoury for the process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate to begin in good time. Doing this is the best thing you can either do to yourself or to your loved ones because the result is comfort and productive life full of enjoyment and fulfillment.

The process of detoxification of cocaine and opiate: The reasons why detoxification must be done

 

 

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Pain Addiction Continuum

October 2, 2014

Pain Addiction Continuum and How To Deal With It

Pain AddictionPain management is an important part of treatment especially in situations where the patient is to go through intense like during chemotherapy for cancer patients or after going through surgery.  Nobody will like to have intense pain maim him for even the least amount of time. People like to be happy and avoid anything that may bring them pain. However in some instances there has to be pain for a much serious health problem to be solved. To manage pain certain drugs are used that helps you to endure the pain, unfortunately most of these are addictive and so as you are using them to manage pain you are at risk of addiction. Opiates are the mostly used drugs in pain management and they work well in ensuring that your pain is moderated if not done away with completely. However effective they are these drugs are very rewarding and before you know it the body may be adapted to these drugs so much that you will feel like you need to take them every time and increase the dosage over a time. Due to their rewarding nature they can be easily abused and a treatment that once began on the right foot may end up being another nightmare in a person’s life hence there is need for actions to be taken to help patients not to be addicted to this pain drugs.

Now back to the point pain and addiction may occur as a continuum or just two different entities. Here we see how pain addiction continuum occurs and how to deal with it. When the drugs are given for pain management you will be using them for just that for quite a time without feeling the intense craving for them. But as time goes by and you are still using them you will begin to have craving for these drugs not only to use them within the specified dosage but you may begging to desire mega doses which is now addiction so pain addiction continuum is rather the changes that takes place in your body demanding for more of the drug and hence dependence on these drugs. The use of opiates in pain management may work well for some people while for others it may not and their treatment may work better if they stopped using the opiates therefore it is important to work with experts in this field who will know when to use and when to stop using these opiates to avoid the dangers of addiction that may come with them. This means that the treatment must have a clear exit strategy from the opiates to help the patient overcome the cravings for more of the pain drugs.

Pain management demands that the doctor must be able to assess the patient well that is before issuing a prescription and during the course of treatment. The doctor should improve patient care by bio psychosocial model assessment of   the patient’s past and even present aberrant if any of such exist. All this will help the doctor decide on how best to prescribe the drugs in dosages that will reduce risks to addiction. Today the doctors are aware that pain management drugs poise a great threat to addiction in patients unlike in the past when it was thought that if a patient did not have a history of drug abuse disorder. The risk  of getting addicted to the opiates used in pain management is higher and this fallacy and past belief that it had low chances of inducing addiction in patients with no history of substance use disorder has never served this industry. It is quite fortunate that avenues are now opening as the doctors are slowly waking up to the reality of pain addiction continuum and proper exit strategies are being developed to help the cancer patients to evade addiction. The addiction that arises from use of opiates in pain management may be caused by many factors but the biggest culprit is poor management of chronic pain.

Poorly managed chronic pain

Now that we have learnt that there is risk of addition from the use of pain management drugs like the opiates it is better to exercise better management of chronic pain. Today chronic pain is one of the nightmares that many people are fighting every day. These people can use anything given to them to kill that pain without thinking twice and this shows how vulnerable they are. It therefore calls for professionalism in dealing with these people and doctors must find better ways to manage chronic pain in a way that reduces their risk to addiction.

In the past pain had been poorly manage owing to such beliefs that I have discussed above. Patients were put on opiate drugs to kill pain without assessing them and this often led to serious health problems since every patient is unique owing to the fact that they have different history relating to the substance use disorder. There is also need to explore other ways of pain management methods as opposed to singly using the opiates in pain management. Some of the natural pain management methods that work better are discussed here.

Proliferative therapies for pain (Natural)

Prolozone™ Therapy– Dr. Frank Shallenberger pioneered this type of proliferative therapy, Prolozone therapy uses ozone, a naturally occurring form of oxygen with powerful regenerative capacity owing to its extra oxygen atom. It works by increasing oxygen circulation and delivery into the damaged areas. This helps in strengthening ligaments and tendons as well as in rebuilding cartilage in the treated joint.

Prolotherapy– this therapy was pioneered by Former U.S. Surgeon General Dr. C. Everett Koop who had used it successfully to treat his chronic back pain. It is the oldest and most widely used form of proliferative therapy that has been used since the 1930’s.it involves injecting a natural substance such as dextrose to purposefully provoke mild localized inflammation. This increases the blood supply and flow of nutrients to the area, and the body responds by regenerating the damaged structures.

Pain addictionPlatelet Rich Plasma Injection (PRP) Therapy -involves the use of the body’s own platelets for treatment of pain. It involves drawing a small amount of blood that is centrifuged to separate out the plasma this creates blood that is concentrated in platelets. The high concentration of platelets in the plasma is rich in bioactive proteins and growth factors that can accelerate tissue repair and regeneration. Today this therapy is become more popular with athletes.

Here at AWAREmed we are dedicated to finding the best solutions to chronic illnesses and that is why Dr.Dalal Akoury (MD) is always in the forefront advocating for integrative medicine since it is only through integrative medicine that a person can be healed wholly. Do not hesitate to call on her for help in managing any sort of chronic pain as well as other diseases.

Pain Addiction Continuum and How To Deal With It

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Opiophilia Replaced By Opiophobia

October 1, 2014

Opiophilia Replaced By Opiophobia the Pendulum Is Again In Motion

OpiophobiaThere are certain phenomena in the medical field that are rather hard to understand. We were brought up knowing that opioids and like substances were bad and should be avoided at all costs and we did that but as we grew and each of us went his way in matters there are mysteries that we met. As everybody else chose careers I chose to be here practicing medicine and I tell here my perception of opiates and like substances were changed here we use them as drugs especially as pain management drugs. To many people this may sound irrational. How do you use a drug that has dangerous effects to treat an illness? Don’t worry we had the same questions and curiously we waited to have these mysteries unraveled. We use these drugs in doses that are only able to address the pain and for a time that may not cause any serious health problems. However as patients were put on these drugs the whole medical industry work up to the realization that the use of these drugs in most cases resulted in the patients being addicted to the drugs and hence demanded more and more of these drugs. These drugs are rewarding in nature and so patients that are put on these drugs will automatically tend to crave for them. That is when opiophilia became a disease to be fought from all corners to help patients on these drugs to evade addiction and dependence on these drugs.

What is Opiophilia?

Opiophilia is a love of opioids, the love for opioids may not begin as a choice but may begin gradually when a patient is prescribed opiates to help him in pain management.  In the past the doctors had given a blind to the possibility of pain patients under opiate drugs to be addicted on these drugs as they believed that the dosage was not enough to make the develop dependence on these drugs. However as patients take these drugs they will become addicted as the drugs are rewarding in nature. This therefore means that before a doctor prescribes opiate to a chronic pain patient he should assess the patient and develop exit strategies that will help these patients avoid addiction.

Fortunately, the medical industry has fought opiophilia and better strategies have been put in place to ensure that patients on these drugs are safe. Opiophilia seems an already won battle. Apart from proper pain management by use of these drugs other natural ways of pain management have been embraced to help patients where necessary. These natural pain cures include Prolozone therapy, PRP and prolotherapy. These natural pain cures are now used worldwide to help patients with chronic pain.

The fight against opiophilia was won but that did not end all the problems associated with the use of opiates in managing pain in patients. Another disease came and replaced opiophilia and this is opiophobia.

Opiophobia is a disorder or affliction, so named because people affected have a great aversion to the use of prescription opioids for the treatment of pain, to the point where they will actually refuse to take or administer it. This is rather new disease in field of drugs and addiction. This term is also used to refer to instances when doctors fear or are unwilling to prescribe opioid medication to patients.

In most cases doctors who have had unwillingness to prescribe opioid medications are often counseled and so they go back to administer the drugs. Opiophobia should be addressed just as much as opiophilia since it is the opioid that goes deep in managing pain. This is because the only direct biologic pain-relief system in the human body is the endogenous opioid receptor system, consisting of endorphins and their tissue based action sites, or receptors. Using opioid based drug in pain offers instant relief and so the opiates still remain to be the best pain relief medication. The public as well as the doctors may be subject to opiophobia owing to the negative information that are spreading concerning the use of opiates in dealing with pain. The major concern of these groups is that they know that when a patient has used the opiates for a short term or long-term pain then he becomes addicted and will show symptoms of withdrawal once he stops using the drugs. This may be true but this is also true with other medications doesn’t a diabetic patient become dependent on insulin? Needless to mention several strategies have been put in place to ensure safe exit from the use of these drugs. When you are dependent on any drug for medical purposes. That is not abuse.

Because of opiophobia and opiophilia State regulators have been introducing legislation to severely curtail availability of opioid class of medication this unfortunately may be a disadvantage rather than an advantage as there are patients that are already dependent on these drugs needless to mention there is no alternative that has been put in place that can work effectively enough to replace opioid class of drugs in managing pain.

OpiophobiaExit strategy from opioid therapy

There is need for a safe exit strategy to help the patients evade any possible danger that may come from using the drug. However it is better for a doctor to formulate a safe exit strategy. He will be able to do so depending on such factors as; consistence of a patient’s behavior with drug addiction, patient’s willingness to cooperate with an outpatient-based opioid analgesic tapering plan, patient’s history with substances disorders. All these assessments will help the doctor to formulate a safer exit plan for the patient.

Here at AWAREmed we are dedicated to finding the best solutions to chronic illnesses and that is why Dr. Dalal Akoury (MD) is always in the forefront advocating for integrative medicine since it is only through integrative medicine that a person can be healed wholly. Do not hesitate to call on her for help in managing any sort of chronic pain as well as other diseases.

Opiophilia Replaced By Opiophobia the Pendulum Is Again In Motion

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Beating Addiction Naturally

July 5, 2014

Natural Ways to Beat Addiction

Natural addiction recoveryDetoxifying the body is usually the first step of recovering from addiction but this is just a small part of how such addicts can manage sobriety for a long time if not for life. Patients can get both traditional and western therapies as part of treatment for their addiction. Natural therapies like acupuncture, hypnosis, yoga and guided meditation can help in addressing the whole body difficulties of addiction. Mind, body and spirit are all connected to addiction recovery considering the immense positive response to natural therapies of some patients. These natural therapies needs to start with the mind, body and the spirit where addicts will be taught natural ways to control their own health and they will also be taught how to focus on their habits in a natural way.

The said physical treatment will offer the affected people an opening to direct their feelings connected with addictions. Almost all addictions can be treated naturally but most people are oblivious to these facts. However, the common human being will try and approach it in different ways. Take for example the case of opiate addiction or addiction to pain killers. Many people believe that it is almost impossible to get rid of this addiction but this should not be hard if you are in the right path and know what you are doing.

Regrettably, most people don’t usually know about all these alternatives when trying to detox for these drugs or tablets. Treatment of addiction to pain killers can be done in three phases which is commonly known as detox (PAWS) post-acute withdrawal syndrome and recovery. For pain killer addiction natural therapy detox, ordinary wisdom says one has 6 choices (medicated home detox, cold turkey detox, rehab, in patient detox, ultra rapid detox and opiate replacement detox). Take an example of cold turkey therapy where the addict unexpectedly or suddenly stops all the opiates. These detox is mostly done at home devoid of medical involvement or drug prescription.

addictionPatients who opt for cold turkey detox usually do so because they have no choice mostly because they will either have no money to buy the opiates, luck the opiates or both. This is mostly because they don’t have other options due to lack of money to buy the opiates. The detox is easy and quite comfortable because it will only last for about a week. This detox is usually not recommended because it is difficult and does not work long term, the relapse rate with this method is very high to consider it a practical method.

However since statistics show that many people will not complete home detox and even if they do a big percentage will relapse. Below are some of the proven ways that have worked overtime.

  • Acupuncture: this will help manage the addiction behavior by arousing the brain and it will also help overcome cravings and unnecessary urges. Acupuncture has also been proven to help patients stay in addiction treatment for a longer time than those who don’t embrace it as a way of treatment.
  • Exercise: This therapy is another way of teaching addicts to control their unhealthy cravings to a great health. Exercise has also been known to aid in the management of stress and even weight that is always gained after quitting various addictions like hard drugs or even smoking. It has even gone further to make them feel confident of themselves.
  • Hypnosis: this will help patients reject or eliminate the behavior and will adopt a new way of thinking about their addiction.

natural addiction recoveryAll these channels when applied should be used alongside other remedies but not as an only way of intrusion. These remedies should be considered by patients as another potential means to address their infirmity. A combination of intrusions will give the best results when it comes to combating addictions.

Get Expert Help from New Frontiers in Medicine Academy

If you are suffering from addiction or need to train in addiction treatment and recovery, then we invite you to obtain expert help from tested and trusted professionals at the new Frontier Medicine Academy. You will get treatment from experts and also get expert training on all the aspects of addiction including the genetics and epigenetics of addiction.

 

Natural Ways to Beat Addiction

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