Tag Archives: Acetaldehyde

alcoholism

Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) role

January 12, 2017
Understanding NAD

Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles requires greater degree of professionalism

Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)

In light social drinkers nearly all the alcohol consumed is taken care of by alcohol dehydrogenase. However, the enzyme Cytochrome P450 2E1 (abbreviated CYP2E1) becomes quite active in metabolizing alcohol in chronic heavy drinkers. CYP2E1 does its work in the liver. The hydrogen released by this reaction is bound to oxygen and to NADPH to form water and NADP+. This reaction takes energy rather than producing it. CYP2E1 does its work in the microsomes of the cell. This is sometimes referred to as MEOS (Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System). CYP2E1 is a member of the Cytochrome P450 enzyme family as a better way of understanding NAD says doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President, and founder of AWAREmed health and wellness resource center. And now let’s turn to the last type of enzyme as stated previously.

Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Catalase

Catalase is found in tiny organs inside of cells called peroxisomes. Catalase is found all over the human body. When catalase turns alcohol into acetaldehyde the hydrogen which is released is bound to hydrogen peroxide molecules which then become water. Although catalase is active everywhere in the body, catalase is of particular interest to researchers because it metabolizes alcohol in the brain. The acetaldehyde released into the brain by the metabolism of alcohol by catalase has the potential to combine with neurotransmitters to form new compounds known as THIQs (tetrahydroisoquinolines, also sometimes called TIQs). Some researchers believe that THIQs are the cause of alcohol addiction and that the presence of THIQs distinguishes addicted drinkers from social drinkers. Other researchers strongly dispute the validity of the THIQ hypothesis of alcohol addiction. The actual role of THIQs remains controversial and calls for further research.

How Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase Works

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase does its work in the mitochondria of cells and removes a hydrogen atom from acetaldehyde to produce an acetic acid radical. This hydrogen atom combines with NAD+ to form NADH. There are several varieties of aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body. The one which normally breaks down acetaldehyde is called ALDH2. There is another variety aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body which is called ALDH2*2. ALDH2*2 is only about 8% as efficient as ALDH2 in metabolizing acetaldehyde. Some East Asian people have ALDH2*2 instead of ALDH2 in their bodies. These individuals find the effect of alcohol to be very unpleasant and that is going to form part of our discussion in the next article which I am persuaded you don’t want to miss.

Finally, doctor Akoury reiterates that the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes are found in many tissues of the body, but are at the highest concentration in the liver further explaining why alcohol addiction can be very dangerous to your health. And having known that, it will interest you to note that, the formation of AWAREmed health center was not just for the purpose of creation awareness about the effects of substance abuse, but also for finding the ultimate solution. And that is why away from creating awareness, doctor Akoury’s practices also focuses on the personalized medicine through healthy lifestyle choices that deal with primary prevention and underlying causes instead of patching up symptoms making her your best choice.

Understanding NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) roles: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)

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Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption

December 22, 2016
Acetaldehyde poison

Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption if not addressed in good time can be catastrophic

Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)

In light social drinkers nearly all the alcohol consumed is taken care of by alcohol dehydrogenase. However, the enzyme Cytochrome P450 2E1 (abbreviated CYP2E1) becomes quite active in metabolizing alcohol in chronic heavy drinkers. CYP2E1 does its work in the liver. The hydrogen released by this reaction is bound to oxygen and to NADPH to form water and NADP+. This reaction takes energy rather than producing it. CYP2E1 does its work in the microsomes of the cell. This is sometimes referred to as MEOS (Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System). CYP2E1 is a member of the Cytochrome P450 enzyme family. The next enzyme is the catalase.

Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption: Catalase

Catalase is found in tiny organs inside of cells called peroxisomes. Catalase is found all over the human body. When catalase turns alcohol into acetaldehyde the hydrogen which is released is bound to hydrogen peroxide molecules which then become water. Although catalase is active everywhere in the body, catalase is of particular interest to researchers because it metabolizes alcohol in the brain. The acetaldehyde released into the brain by the metabolism of alcohol by catalase has the potential to combine with neurotransmitters to form new compounds known as THIQs (tetrahydroisoquinolines, also sometimes called TIQs). Some researchers believe that THIQs are the cause of alcohol addiction and that the presence of THIQs distinguishes addicted drinkers from social drinkers. Other researches strongly dispute the validity of the THIQ hypothesis of alcohol addiction. The actual role of THIQs remains controversial and calls for further research.

Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption: How acetaldehyde dehydrogenase works

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase does its work in the mitochondria of cells and removes a hydrogen atom from acetaldehyde to produce an acetic acid radical. This hydrogen atom combines with NAD+ to form NADH.

There are several varieties of aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body. The one which normally breaks down acetaldehyde is called ALDH2. There is another variety aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the human body which is called ALDH2*2. ALDH2*2 is only about 8% as efficient as ALDH2 in metabolizing acetaldehyde. Some East Asian people have ALDH2*2 instead of ALDH2 in their bodies. These individuals find the effect of alcohol to be very unpleasant as we discuss below. Doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President and founder of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center reiterates that the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes are found in many tissues of the body, but are at the highest concentration in the liver

The problem with too much NADH

Finally, it is important to appreciate that alcohol metabolism produces excess amounts of NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plus Hydrogen). This excess of NADH can lead to acidosis from lactic acid build-up and hypoglycemia from lack of glucose synthesis. It can also lead to weight gain, fatty liver, and heart attack. It is because of these health risks that made doctor Akoury to formulate this health facility to offer meaningful and professional treatment that yield absolute result. This is not a simple problem and therefore, if you are struggling with alcoholism, help is just a phone call away. As soon as you make that call, an appointment will be schedule and your life will be transformed positively and for real productivity.

Acetaldehyde poison and Alcohol consumption: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)

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Alcoholism

Acetaldehyde roles and Alcoholism

December 22, 2016
Acetaldehyde roles

Acetaldehyde roles and Alcoholism works by categorizing alcoholism treatment solutions primarily to defeat addiction

Acetaldehyde roles and Alcoholism: Hydrogen atoms

Did you know that for every alcoholic beverage you take about 2 to 8 percent is lost through urine, sweat, or the breath? This means that the other 92 to 98 percent is metabolized by your body. All ethyl alcohol which is broken down in the human body is first converted to acetaldehyde, and then this acetaldehyde is converted into acetic acid radicals known as acetyl radicals. Acetaldehyde is a poison which is closely related to formaldehyde. Acetic acid is the essential component of vinegar. The acetic acid radical is the combining form of acetic acid. This acetic acid radical combines with Coenzyme A to form acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA rhen enters the Krebs cycle, which is the basic powerhouse of the human body. Inside the Krebs cycle this acetyl radical is eventually broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

According to the experts at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under the leadership of doctor Dalal Akoury MD, there are three different enzymes which the body uses to convert alcohol to acetaldehyde. All these enzymes work by stripping two hydrogen atoms off from the alcohol molecule which then converts the alcohol molecule into a molecule of acetaldehyde. We are going to be discussing the first one as indicated below and progressively conclude with the remaining two in our next article. And even as we do that, we appreciate that this article may be technical for many people and that is why if you have any concern about alcohol consumption, you can always schedule an appointment with doctor Akoury for a more professional breakdown of facts. The three enzymes which can convert alcohol to acetaldehyde are:

  • Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)
  • Cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1)
  • Catalase

Each of these enzymes is found in different parts of the body and each of them handles the hydrogen atoms which are stripped off from the alcohol molecule in a different way.

Acetaldehyde roles and Alcoholism: Alcohol dehydrogenase

The name “alcohol dehydrogenase” sounds like quite a mouthful, but it is quite self-explanatory if we break it down into its component parts. “de-” is a prefix which means “to remove”. We find it in such words as “dethrone” which means “to remove from the throne”. “-ase” is a suffix which means “enzyme”. Any time you see a chemical term which ends in the suffix “-ase” you know that you are dealing with an enzyme. “hydrogen” means “hydrogen” of course. So “de-hydrogen-ase” means “an enzyme which removes hydrogen atoms”, and “alcohol dehydrogenase” means “an enzyme which removes hydrogen atoms from the alcohol molecule”. The name alcohol dehydrogenase is sometimes abbreviated to ADH.

Alcohol dehydrogenase is the workhorse of the alcohol enzymes it breaks down the majority of the alcohol that enters the human body. Alcohol dehydrogenase is actually the name for a family of enzymes which break down alcohol–each of which has a slightly different molecular structure. Researchers have identified as many as 10 varieties of the alcohol dehydrogenase molecule. All of them bring about the same chemical reaction–the difference is that some varieties of alcohol dehydrogenase work more efficiently than others.

The alcohol dehydrogenase molecules do their work primarily in the stomach and the liver, although traces of them are found in other tissues as well. The hydrogen which is released when alcohol dehydrogenase turns alcohol into acetaldehyde is bound to a compound called NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) to form NADH (this is short for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plus Hydrogen). Alcohol dehydrogenase does its work in the cellular fluid (cytosol) of the cell. If you dint know, now you know and for more clarification, call doctor Akoury now.

Acetaldehyde roles and Alcoholism: Hydrogen atoms

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Inpatient medical detox facility appropriate for healing addiction

October 19, 2015

Inpatient medical detox facility appropriate for healing addiction: Choosing the best

Inpatient medical detox

AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center is an Inpatient medical detox facility appropriate for healing all your addiction related complications.

The frustrations that are associated with alcohol and drug addiction can make one to jump into conclusion without really getting the facts correctly. It is true that when one is struggling with any kind of addiction, treatment is very necessary and detoxification is very instrumental in laying the foundation for proper treatment. The challenge that many people often have includes that of identification of the right experts for the job. It is important to note that when the right choice is not made from the beginning, then the whole process is likely to be even more frustrating, demoralizing because the desired objectives may not be realized. In our previous article we did mentioned that detox is very important for individuals suffering from alcohol and drug abuse. We also noted that for this to be done effectively, certain protocols must be observed. In view of this and so that we avoid making costly mistakes, we want to focus the discussion of this article on identifying the right inpatient medical detox facility because it is emerging that not all that glitters is not gold. Many inpatient facilities are business oriented and are focusing more on the financial returns than the key objective of transforming lives. To that effect, doctor Dalal Akoury who is an addiction expert of several decades and also the founder of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center is going to help us in unlocking the facts about what we must look for, and questions we must ask to get value for our money and eventually free ourselves and loved ones from the scourge of addiction.

To start us off, doctor Akoury is highlighting certain things to ask for before going to an inpatient medical detox facility. She says that it is very important that anyone seeking medical detox at an inpatient facility should ask the following questions and must ensure satisfactory responses from the people concerned:

  • What is the medical protocol for the substance from which the person will be detoxing?
  • Enquire of to know about changes if any that will be made to the medical protocol if the patient reacts differently to the withdrawal than earlier expected?
  • What is the length of time like for instance does the facility offer 24-hour medical supervision?
  • Trace the statistics of the facility and find out what percentage of people who start a medical detox that actually completes it?
  • What is the estimated time required for the detox requested?
  • Will the person leave the medical detox facility on new drugs?
  • Can the person walk outside and what is the surrounding environment like security wise in terms of availability of potential triggers?
  • Enquire if the facility has some prohibitions like are there any restrictions on smoking, watching television, making telephone calls, eating meals and internet access?
  • Assess the level of privacy within the facility. That is to say does the person have a private room?
  • Read wide and find out for yourself about the experiences your predecessors have. Find out what are the comments of former patients about their experience at the facility?

There are a lot one will need to find out and this is just a pointer to the approach one should always take in identifying the right inpatient medical detox facility. Depending on the way you the above is responded to, you can carry out a self-evaluation on the suitability of the facility.

Inpatient medical detox facility appropriate for healing addiction: The AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center experience

If these questions were to be directed to us at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center, we would answer these questions in the following way to help you stick with professionalism and assurance of delivery of results that are not only timely but are also going to last for a life time:

  • The AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center protocol includes not only the standard medical handlings but also hydration, vitamins, minerals and good food. This gives us the zeal to deliver on our objectives effectively.
  • AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center offers 24-hour medical supervision is continually monitoring the patient’s progress and frequently will adjust the rate of the patient’s taper in accordance with the comfort and safety of the patient.
  • AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center has a more than 90% completion rate of people who start their medical detox at our facility.
  • Generally, people can complete their detox in from six to eight days and even very high doses of opioids can be detoxed in less than fourteen days.
  • The person will not leave on additional drugs.
  • AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center is on 3.25 treed acres and our patients regularly take walks or sit outside.
  • AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center has designated smoking areas but our patients are free to smoke at any time. They have a television in their room. They have a phone in their room and there are no restrictions on cellphone usage. They have internet access and the food is rated as excellent by patients.
  • Each AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center patient has his/her own private room.
  • There are patient comment forms available for review.

Do we know that if you come to AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center you will not revert to using the substance from which you detoxed? Absolutely No, however what we can associate ourselves with is that almost all of our patients complete their medical detox and that their testimonies keeps us to be among the leading addiction solution providers in the global market. We are actually not a shame to note our team of experts have impacted positively to all our clients both at the present and in the past thereby making all patients who have passed through AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center feeling better than they have in years before. This is what we take pride in and we would wish to request you not to stay with your problem in silence, remember that a problem share is half way solved. Therefore if you or anyone you know is struggling with any kind of addiction, then you have an opportunity of regaining your life back by scheduling for an appointment with doctor Dalal Akoury today.

Inpatient medical detox facility appropriate for healing addiction: Choosing the best

 

 

 

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Alcohol Abuse Increases Risk of Cancer

January 20, 2015

How Does Alcohol Increase The Risk Of Cancer?

Risk of cancerAlcohol drinking is a common practice. To some people they do it when seeking pleasure but to others it has become an addiction that they can’t live without. The pleasure seekers ay only take alcohol once in a week, possibly on weekends but to those already addicted to the rum they can’t go a day without it. Most people however engage in alcohol drinking as a way to bond with friends and give them that sense of belonging. Whatever the reason you take alcohol for it is important that you be aware of the risks associated with drinking alcohol. Apart from alcohol addiction that every person never wants to be chained to, there are other serious risks associated with alcohol drinking. One of these risks that are associated with alcohol drinking is that it increases the risk of cancer.

Cancer is currently one of the most dreaded diseases worldwide. It is a disease that is not only expensive to treat but is synonymous to pain. The chronic pain that is associated with cancer in itself a risk to addiction to opiates that are normally used to quell the pain. even today doctors are still working to avail other better options of treating cancer so as to avoid its debilitating effects on its victims but still it pays a great deal to stay out of all the factors that may increase your risks of cancer debilitating you. having learnt of the current unbreakable link between alcohol to increased risk of cancer the best thing to do for any alcohol addicted fellow is to seek medical heap especially through an integrative doctor to help him quit alcohol and wholly heal him from the effects of alcohol before it pave way for cancer to creep in. with this said I think it is better we get the specifics of this link so that you may judge for yourself if quitting alcohol is worth it. Here are some possible explanations for how alcohol can increase risk of cancer.

Acetaldehyde is a carcinogen

When taken, alcohol is converted into a toxic chemical called acetaldehyde in our bodies. Acetaldehyde can cause cancer by damaging DNA and stopping our cells from repairing this damage. The International Agency for Research on Cancer have classified acetaldehyde formed as a result of drinking alcohol as being a cause of cancer, along with alcohol itself. It also causes liver cells to grow faster than normal. These regenerating cells are more likely to pick up changes in their genes that could lead to cancer.

Typically, ethanol is broken down mainly by the liver, but lots of other cell types can do this as well. Some of the bacteria that live in our mouths and the linings of our guts are also able to convert ethanol into acetaldehyde. The reactive nature of acetaldehyde is such that it can form DNA adducts of which, the most well-known and extensively studied, is N2-ethyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (N2-ethyl-dG). Studies done on rats that were put on a drinking water with 10% (v/v) alcohol proves that indeed acetaldehyde is harmful and causes cancer.

Alcohol increases estrogen levels

Estrogen dominance causes cancer. It is because of estrogen dominance in obese women that exposes them to breast cancer. Several past studies have proved this. Alcohol increases risk of cancer by increasing the levels of estrogen in a person. Despite its very essential purposes as a hormone estrogen has a dark side too this can be made worse by alcohol consumption-risk of cancer.

Alcohol damages liver cells

Alcohol consumption damages the liver cells leading to a disease known as liver cirrhosis. This even increases your risk of developing liver cancer. Apart from this, it also makes it easier for the tissues of the mouth and throat to absorb the cancer-causing chemicals in tobacco. This explains why people who drink and smoke multiply the damage they receive and have especially high risks of cancer. Alcohol also impairs the body’s ability to break down and absorb a variety of nutrients that may be associated with cancer risk, leading to lack of these essential Vitamins: vitamin A; nutrients in the vitamin B family such as Thiamine and folate; vitamin C; vitamin D; vitamin E; and carotenoids. Lack of these essential nutrients escalates the risk of cancer.

Alcohol depletes Folate

Excessive or long term consumption of alcohol leads to depletion of folate. Folate is an important vitamin that helps our cells produce new DNA correctly. People who drink alcohol tend to have lower levels of folate in their blood. Some studies have linked low levels of folate to cancer.

Alcohol generates ROS

Risk of CancerAlcohol generate damaging reactive oxygen species (chemically reactive molecules that contain oxygen), which can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids (fats) through a process called oxidation. Any damage on DNA increases risk of cancer. Besides alcoholic beverages may also contain a variety of carcinogenic contaminants that are introduced during fermentation and production, these may include; nitrosamines, asbestos fibers, phenols, and hydrocarbons.

Alcohol addiction is a vice that should be fought by all means that is why we at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center are committed to availing help to addicts and offering them a place to call home. We offer NER Treatment and Amino acid therapy that are the most effective approaches to addiction treatment and recovery. You call on Dr. Dalal Akoury (MD) today and begin your journey to victory against addiction.

How Does Alcohol Increase The Risk Of Cancer?

 

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