Male breast cancer

January 19, 2018

Male breast cancer: Early diagnosis

Male breast cancer. Though male breast cancer is rare in male, when it happens, the cancer forms in the breast tissues of men

Breast cancer has been associated with women in most cases yet men too becomes victims. Though male breast cancer is rare in male, when it happens, the cancer forms in the breast tissues of men. The cancer is particularly common with older or aging male adults but can also affect in all ages. Because of the nature of the disease, early diagnosis is very important. When detected in good time, doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President and founder of AWAREmed health and wellness resource center says that, the patient will have a better chance of getting complete healing. It is quit unfortunate that most men shy off from visiting their doctors for checkups. Because of this most of male breast cancer are detected when they are at an advance stage making treatment difficult. So what are the signs and symptoms to watch over?

Male breast cancer: Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of male breast cancers can include:

A painless lump or thickening in the breast tissue
Changes on the skin covering the breast dimpling, puckering, redness or scaling
Changes to the nipple like redness or scaling, or a nipple that begins to turn inward
Discharge from your nipple

When you notice any of these, waste no time and schedule for an appointment with your doctor immediately.

Male breast cancer: Causes

Like with most cancer cases, the causes of male breast cancer are not so clear. Though this isn’t clear, it is believed that male breast cancer occurs when some breast cells divide rapidly than healthy cells do. The accumulating cells form a tumor that may spread (metastasize) to nearby tissue, to the lymph nodes or to other parts of the body.

Male breast cancer: Where breast cancer begins in men

By creation, every human is born with a small amount of breast tissue consisting of milk-producing glands (lobules), ducts that carry milk to the nipples, and fat. As children grow into puberty, ladies begins developing more breast tissue while men do not. But everyone is born with a small amount of breast tissue, developing breast cancer is possible. The following are some of the types of breast cancer diagnosed in men:

Cancer that begins in the milk ducts (ductal carcinoma). Nearly all male breast cancers is ductal carcinoma.

Cancer that begins in the milk-producing glands (lobular carcinoma). This type is rare in men because they have few lobules in their breast tissue.

Cancer that spreads to the nipple (Paget’s disease of the nipple). Rarely, male breast cancers forms in the milk ducts and spreads to the nipple, causing crusty, scaly skin around the nipple.

Male breast cancer: Inherited genes that increase breast cancer risk

Some men inherit abnormal (mutated) genes from their parents that increase the risk of breast cancer. Mutations in one of several genes, especially a gene called BRCA2, put you at greater risk of developing breast and prostate cancers. These genes normally make proteins that keep cells from growing abnormally which helps prevent cancer. But mutated genes aren’t as effective at protecting you from cancer reiterates doctor Akoury. Finally, if this article describes your condition, it is never too late to visit your doctor. Meeting with a genetic counselor and undergoing genetic testing can help determine whether you carry gene mutations that increase your risk of breast cancer.

Male breast cancer: Early diagnosis

Invasive lobular carcinomas

January 18, 2018

Diagnosing invasive lobular carcinomas: Treatment solution

Invasive lobular carcinomas can be treated in several ways including using Mammogram

Diagnosing invasive lobular carcinomas early is essential in solving the problem of this disease. This can be done by conducting various tests and procedures applicable in the diagnosis of invasive lobular carcinoma. Such tests and procedures may include:

Mammogram. A mammogram creates an X-ray image of your breast. Invasive lobular carcinoma is less likely to be detected on a mammogram than other types of breast cancer are. Still, a mammogram is a useful diagnostic test.
Ultrasound. Ultrasound uses sound waves to create pictures of your breast. It is however important to note that, it may be difficult to detect any presence of invasive lobular carcinoma using ultrasound in relation to the very many other types of breast cancer.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This (MRI) uses a strong magnetic field to create a picture of the patient’s breast. A breast MRI may help in evaluating an area of concern when mammogram and ultrasound are inconclusive. Besides that, it is also essential in helping determine the extent of the cancer within the breast.

Removing a sample of tissue for testing. Where an abnormality is detected on the breast, an oncologist may depending on the emerging abnormality, recommend a biopsy procedure to remove a sample of suspicious breast tissue for laboratory testing. A breast biopsy can be done using a needle to draw out fluid or tissue from the breast, or breast tissue can be removed surgically. The result from the laboratory will then be analysed for the determination of the next best cause of treatment.

Diagnosing invasive lobular carcinomas: Determining the extent of invasive lobular carcinoma

Up on the determination that an individual is struggling with an invasive lobular carcinoma, your physician will move with speed in determine if an additional tests are required primarily to establish the extent of the cancer, or stage of the cancer. That is to say, how far has the cancer cells spread to other parts of the body? The good news is that, in most women this may not be necessary. In other words, doing any further test other than the breast imaging, physical exam and blood tests will not be necessary. Nonetheless, depending on the patient’s situation, the doctor may recommend imaging tests to stage your breast cancer, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), among others.

Finally, with this information from the tests done, the doctor will be able to establish the exact stage your cancer has reached which normally ranges from 0-IV. And to conclude on that, breast cancer stages range from 0 to IV, with 0 indicating cancer that is very small and noninvasive. Stage IV breast cancer, also called metastatic breast cancer, and indicates that the cancer has spread to other areas of the body. When the cancer is at IV it sends a warning bell that the condition is not good and effective treatment may be challenging.

Diagnosing invasive lobular carcinomas: Treatment solution

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DCIS treatment

January 17, 2018

DCIS treatment: Lumpectomy and radiation

DCIS treatment is one with high hopes of giving positive outcome

Treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is one with high hopes of giving positive outcome. The success rate of removing the tumor and preventing any reoccurrence is almost guaranteed says doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President and founder of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center. In most cases, DCIS treatment options includes lumpectomy and radiation therapy as well as a simple mastectomy.

DCIS treatment: Surgery

Any patient diagnose with DCIS will have to make a decision between treating the disease using breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy) or breast-removing surgery (mastectomy).

Lumpectomy – this type of surgery is essential in removing the area of DCIS alongside a margin of healthy tissue that surrounds it. The advantage of the procedure is that it allows the patient to sparingly remove portions of the affected breast thereby limiting the need for breast reconstruction

Mastectomy – a simple mastectomy is essential for treating DCIS by removing the breast tissue, skin, areola and nipple, and possibly the underarm lymph nodes (sentinel node biopsy) is one option. In most instance, this treatment will be followed by breast reconstruction if the patient wishes to do so. Doctor Akoury reiterates that, most women with DCIS are direct candidates for lumpectomy. However, mastectomy may be recommended if:

You have a large area of DCIS – In the event that the area is big compared with the size of the breast, a lumpectomy may not produce acceptable cosmetic results.

There’s more than one area of DCIS (multifocal or multicentric disease). It’s difficult to remove multiple areas of DCIS with a lumpectomy. This is true if DCIS is found in different sections of the breast.

Tissue samples taken for biopsy show abnormal cells at or near the edge of the tissue specimen – where the DCIS is more than what was anticipated, in that case a lumpectomy may be inadequate to remove all areas of DCIS. Therefore, additional tissue may be excised. This may require removing the breast (mastectomy) if the area of DCIS involvement is larger relative to the size of the breast.

You’re not a candidate for radiation therapy. Radiation is usually given after a lumpectomy. You may not be a candidate if you’re diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy, you’ve received prior radiation to your chest or breast, or you have a condition that makes you more sensitive to the side effects of radiation therapy, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.

DCIS treatment: Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill abnormal cells. Radiation therapy after lumpectomy reduces the chance that DCIS will come back (recur) or that it will progress to invasive cancer.

A type of radiation therapy called external beam radiation is most commonly used to treat DCIS.

Radiation is typically used after lumpectomy. But for some women, radiation may not be necessary. This might include those with only a small area of DCIS that is considered low grade and was completely removed during surgery.

DCIS treatment: Tamoxifen

The drug tamoxifen blocks the action of estrogen — a hormone that fuels some breast cancer cells and promotes tumor growth — to reduce your risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

Tamoxifen is effective only against cancers that grow in response to hormones Tamoxifen isn’t a treatment for DCIS in and of itself, but it can be considered as additional (adjuvant) therapy after surgery or radiation in an attempt to decrease your chance of developing a recurrence of DCIS or invasive breast cancer in either breast in the future.

DCIS treatment: Lumpectomy and radiation

Breast cancer types

January 16, 2018

Breast cancer types: Where does breast cancer come from?

Breast cancer types. In fact experts reports that breast cancer occurs when some breast cells grows abnormally

We have several breast cancer types and each of them is a threat to life. There are many types of breast cancer. Some are more common than others, and there are also combinations of cancers. We will look at several types of breast cancer but for now let’s look at where the disease come from. Experts have established that breast cancer occurs when some breast cells grows abnormally. Such cells multiplies very fast than healthy ones and continue to accumulate, forming a lump or mass. Speaking to doctor Dalal Akoury MD, President of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center, she adds that, the growth of such cells in the milk-producing ducts (invasive ductal carcinoma). This can also begin in the glandular tissue called lobules (invasive lobular carcinoma) as well as in other cells or tissue within the breast.

Breast cancer types: Inherited breast cancer

It is estimated that up to 10% of breast cancer linked to gene mutations passed through generations of a family. The inherited mutated genes like gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer gene 2 (BRCA2), both of which significantly increase the risk of both breast and ovarian cancer. Therefore, if you have breast cancer history in your family, it may be necessary that you take a blood test to help identify specific mutations in BRCA or other genes that are being passed through your family. The following are some common types of cancer:

Ductal carcinoma in situ: The most common type of noninvasive breast cancer is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This type of cancer has not spread and therefore usually has a very high cure rate.

Invasive ductal carcinoma: This cancer starts in a duct of the breast and grows into the surrounding tissue. It is the most common form of breast cancer at about 80%.

Invasive lobular carcinoma: This starts in the glands of the breast that produce milk. Approximately 10% of invasive breast cancers are invasive lobular carcinoma. The rest of breast cancers aren’t common and may include:

Mucinous carcinoma are formed from mucus-producing cancer cells. Mixed tumors contain a variety of cell types.
Medullary carcinoma is an infiltrating breast cancer that presents with well-defined boundaries between the cancerous and noncancerous tissue.
Inflammatory breast cancer: This cancer makes the skin of the breast appear red and feel warm (giving it the appearance of an infection). These changes are due to the blockage of lymph vessels by cancer cells.
Triple-negative breast cancers: This is a subtype of invasive cancer with cells that lack estrogen and progesterone receptors and have no excess of a specific protein (HER2) on their surface. It tends to appear more often in younger women and African-American women.
Paget’s disease of the nipple: This cancer starts in the ducts of the breast and spreads to the nipple and the area surrounding the nipple. It usually presents with crusting and redness around the nipple.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma: These cancers have both glandular and cystic features. They tend not to spread aggressively and have a good prognosis.
Lobular carcinoma in situ: This is not a cancer but an area of abnormal cell growth that can lead to invasive breast cancer later in life.

Breast cancer types: Where does breast cancer come from?

Understanding renal cancer

January 13, 2018

Understanding renal cancer: What is kidney cancer?

Understanding renal cancer is very important for your proper planning of your treatment

Understanding renal cancer is very important. It is also known as kidney cancer is as the name suggest a type of cancer affecting the kidney. This is a disease associated with the abnormal growth of kidney cells. In other words, the renal cells become malignant (cancerous) and multiply rapidly in an uncontrollable manner leading to the formation of a tumor. Speaking to the experts at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under the able leadership of doctor Dalal Akoury, it is evident that nearly all kidney cancers first appear in the lining of tiny tubes (tubules) in the kidney.

Scientifically, this type of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. And unlike with the ovarian cancer, this type of cancer can be detected in good time before they spread (metastasize) to other distant organs in the body. The good news about early diagnosis is that successful treatment becomes very easy and effective. While these type of cancer is detectable easily, it is important to note that, before diagnosis is done, these kinds of tumors can grow very first to be quite large such that by the time the operation is done, it is quite a mountain.

Understanding renal cancer: The kidney’s functions

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They lie in the lower abdomen on each side of the spine. Their function is to clean the blood, removing waste products and making urine. Scientifically, the causes of kidney cancer are not known. However, some factors appear to increase the risk of getting kidney cancer. Like for instance, kidney cancer occurs mostly in aging people, normally age 40 and above. The following are some of the risk factors for kidney cancer:

Smoking – cigarette smoking increases the risk for contracting kidney cancer twice more than that of nonsmokers. Smoking cigars may also increase your risk as well.

Being male – Men are about twice as vulnerable as women to get kidney cancer.

Being obese – Extra weight may cause changes to hormones that increase your risk.

Administering certain pain medications for a long time – This includes over-the-counter drugs in addition to prescription drugs.

Having advanced renal disease or being on long-term dialysis, a treatment for people with kidneys that have stopped working

Having certain genetic conditions, such as von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease or inherited papillary renal cell carcinoma

Having a family history of renal cancer – The risk is especially high in siblings.

Being exposed to certain chemicals, such as asbestos, cadmium, benzene, organic solvents, or certain herbicides

Having high blood pressure – Doctors don’t know whether high blood pressure or medication used to treat it is the source of the increased risk.

Being black – The risk in blacks is slightly higher than in whites. No one knows why.

Having lymphoma – For an unknown reason, there is an increased risk of renal cancer in patients with lymphoma.

Finally, doctor Akoury explains that having these risk factors does not necessarily mean that you will get renal cancer. It’s also true that you can fail to have all these but still suffer from renal cancer. As AWAREmed health center, our doors are always open for you and just by a phone call, we will get to your needs professionally.

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