Obesity and the immune system

May 2, 2014

Obesity and the immune system-How does it happen?

You are healthy when you have strong immune system and physical activities helps sustain it.

The general humanity is informed of the significance effects of obesity on various diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cancer, sleep apnea and more recently, fatty liver disease but probably many may not be aware of the effects of obesity on our immune system and this is what we want to find out in this article, all I ask of you to keep on the site and keep reading. Recent studies in humans affected by obesity and obese animal models have shown an impaired immune response or immune function leading to increased chances for various infections. However the cause of this has not been well defined. Let us review what is currently known about this possible harmful effect that obesity has on the body.

Obesity and the immune system-Nutrition and Immune Function
you probably have heard the phrase “Eat an apple a day; you will keep the doctor away.” This is actually true. Studies do show that eating a diet that is high in fiber and antioxidants (fruits and vegetables) and has enough protein helps to keep your immune system working properly. Specific micronutrients such as iron, selenium, zinc, copper, as well as vitamins C, A, E, B-6 and folic acid have important roles in the body’s immune response.

Feeding on foods rich in sugar and fat or consuming too many calories make you more prone to infection. This is because it can lead to increases in blood sugar or may cause oxidative damage. Oxidative damage is an overproduction of reactive oxygen species compared to the body’s ability to detoxify cells. This type of damage from oxygen increases your chances of infection.

You will be at risk of protein energy malnutrition if you have too little protein intake. This has also been associated with significant impairments of immunity. It is commonly thought that malnutrition cannot happen in an individual affected by obesity; however, deficiencies and malnutrition happen because of a poor diet. Therefore, deficiencies could very well occur in any individual who eats poorly, no matter their weight.

Obesity and the immune system-Good diet to help your immunity

If you are affected by obesity, decrease your calories to help facilitate weight-loss.
Decrease simple carbohydrates such as: sweets, goodies, baked goods, sugar sweetened beverages, sugar, honey, jams, jelly, etc.
Decrease excess “bad” (saturated or trans) fats commonly found in: commercial baked goods, processed or fried foods, cheese, whole and 2% milk, ice cream, cream, fatty meats (beef and pork products), butter and margarine. Bad fats are also found in some vegetable oils – coconut, palm and palm kernel oil.
Eat two cups of whole fruit per day and at least three cups of vegetables per day.
Drink or eat three cups of low-fat (1% or skim) liquid dairy or dairy alternative per day (light yogurt, low-fat or fat-free milk). Eat two to three ounces of lean meat or beans with two meals per day (three ounces = deck of cards).
Drink at least 60 to 80 ounces of water per day.

Obesity and the immune system-Physical activities and Immune Function
Exercise and health go hand-in-hand. We have all heard that exercise helps fight diseases such as high blood pressure and cholesterol, cancer, sleep disturbances, mood and obesity itself. In general, people who exercise and are physically active throughout the day tend to live longer, healthier lives. There is also evidence that exercise does improve immune function. Studies have shown that exercise seemed to increase numbers of certain immune cells that help to bolster immune activity.

Moderate exercise has been reported to increase certain immune cells, reducing the risk of infection. On the other hand too intense of exercise (without adequate rest) has actually been shown to increase stress on the body and cause a person to be more at-risk to infection.

Obesity and the immune system-Obesity and Immune function
A person affected by obesity that eats healthy and exercises is still at risk for decreasing immune function. Obesity itself has been shown to impair immunity in some studies. Some of these specific findings include:

Decreased cytokine production
Altered monocyte and lymphocyte function
Natural killer cell dysfunction
Reduced macrophage and dendritic cell function
Decreased response to antigen/mitogen stimulation

Now, you may be saying to yourself, “What does all that mean?” The bottom line is studies have shown impaired immune response in animals and people affected by obesity, leading to increased risks of infection. The exact cause of these findings is not known. Obesity is an extremely complex disease and many processes and pathways are altered, any of which could affect the immune system.

Population studies have shown the same things. For instance, hospitalized patients affected by obesity are more likely to develop secondary infections and complications, such as sepsis, pneumonia, bacteremia, and wound and catheter infections. Overall, it appears that obesity may increase risk for bacterial and viral infections. Severe obesity, in and of itself, has also been named a risk factor for increased severity of infection and death from the H1N1 influenza strain. Those affected by obesity may also be at risk for viruses like H1N1 because of less of an immune response to vaccinations, although it has not been studied to date.

Obesity and the immune system-Vaccines and Obesity
How does vaccine work? It does by introducing a killed or weakened form of disease to the immune system. The killed or weakened disease is not strong enough to produce symptoms or signs of the disease, but the vaccine does stimulate production of antibodies to protect against the disease if you come in contact with it in the future.

A lot of work has been done regarding hepatitis B vaccines in regards to obesity, in which studies show strong evidence that individuals affected by obesity have a very high non-response rate to vaccination. This means after the introduction of the non-active virus to the individual’s immune systems, the disease fighting antibodies are not produced to the extent they need to be to protect against the disease.

In a person affected by obesity (body mass index [BMI] of 30-39), studies have shown that it takes a more potent hepatitis B vaccine in order to come close to the response rate of a standard single dose therapy in an individual with a BMI less than 30 (overweight). Finally the exact cause of how obesity affects the immune system is unknown. One theory is the type of fat that you have, as not all fat is created equal. White adipose tissue (WAT) is usually found in higher levels in people who are affected by obesity. Several studies show that WAT has many functions, including regulation of inflammatory processes. When the body has excess WAT, chronic inflammation makes it harder for the body to fight off infections.

Well known links exist between diet, exercise and immune function. Eating healthier and incorporating moderate exercise can help to increase your immune function; however, now it is known that obesity itself (diet or genetic induced) decreases immunity leading to increased risk of bacterial and viral infection as well as decreased responsiveness to some vaccinations. The good news is that amidst all these several studies at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under Doctor Akoury. You will be cared for and have your life restored while focusing on Neuroendocrine Restoration (NER) to reinstate normality through realization of the oneness of Spirit, Mind, and Body, Unifying the threesome into ONE.

Obesity and the immune system-How does it happen?

Childhood Obesity and the Environment

April 15, 2014

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Determinant factors

Remove all the obesity incentives within the environment for children. Research findings associate childhood obesity to the environment.

We are living in a very unpredictable world when it comes to physical health of the entire humanity. Every parent wish is to raise a healthy family and most importantly the good health of the children. The health complications among children is a serious concern to parents and this is going to form the basis of our discussion in this article focusing on obesity among children and the effects of their environment as a determinant factor.

New evidence is confirming that the environment children live in has a greater impact than factors such as genetics, insufficient physical activity or other elements in efforts to control child obesity. Three new studies, published in the April 8 Pediatrics, land on the import of the ‘nurture’ side of the equation and focus on specific circumstances in children’s or teen’s lives that potentially contribute to unhealthy bulk.

Studies revealed that in the past three decades child and adolescent obesity has more than tripled in the U.S and the world at large, estimates from 2010 classify that more than a third of children and teens as overweight or obese. Obesity puts these children at higher risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, and bone or joint problems. The variables responsible are thought to range from too little or no exercise to too many soft drinks. Now it seems that blaming Pepsi or too little PE might neglect the bigger picture.

Experts express fears that we are raising our children in a world that is vastly different than it was several decades ago this is because Childhood obesity is a disease of the environment. It’s a natural consequence of normal children with normal genes being raised in unhealthy, abnormal environments. The environmental factors in these studies range from the seemingly minor, such as kids’ plate sizes, to bigger challenges, such as school schedules that may keep teens from getting sufficient sleep. But they are part of an even longer list: the ubiquity of fast food, changes in technology, fewer home-cooked meals, more food advertising, an explosion of low-cost processed foods and increasing sugary drink serving sizes as well as easy access to unhealthy snacks in vending machines, at sports games and in nearly every setting children inhabit—these are just a handful of environmental factors research has linked to increasing obesity, and researchers are starting to pick apart which among them play bigger or lesser roles in making children obese.

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Size matters in “obesogenic environments”
In one of the three new studies dishware size made a big difference. Researchers studied 42 second-graders in which the children alternately used child-size 18.4-centimeter (7.25-inch) diameter plates with 237-milliliter (8-ounce) bowls or adult-size 26-centimeter (10.25-inch) diameter plates with 473-milliliter (16-ounce) bowls. Doubling the size of the dishware, the researchers found, increased the amount of food kids served themselves in a buffet-style lunch line by an average of 90 calories. They ate about 43 percent of those extra calories, on average.

Although children can typically adjust their energy intake by regulating their food, their surroundings and options may change that equation for kids in the same way that it does in adults. This notion that children are immune to the environment is somewhat misguided, to promote self-regulation, you have to constrain the environment in a way that makes the healthy choice the easy choice.

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Link between obesity and screen time
Overconsumption might be a key component in the link between obesity and screen time, too, according to another of the new studies. Although past research already had linked increased TV time to widening waistlines, this study dug deeper. Ninety one children between ages 13 and 15 year olds filled out diaries for TV, video games and computer use during a one-week period. About four to seven times a day the teens were paged to record what they were paying the most attention to at that particular moment, followed by activities receiving their second- and third-most attention.

Kids live in a multitasking world and in trying to assess their technology use when they’re using different forms of technology at once. Three theories have been floated for the link between screen time and obesity: food advertising, unconscious eating and displacement—that is, the idea that the media use replaces physical activity. The findings lent more support to the first two variables and less to the third. They found video games and computer use had no impact on BMI (body mass index). Television did, but only if it was the main event. Background TV, for example, didn’t matter.

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Less physical activity is not the problem
Screen-time study did find that kids engaged in more physical activity had lower BMIs, but that does not mean that more exercise is keeping those teens lighter. “What we’ve seen for so many years is research looking at physical activity as the preventative or the curative solution for childhood obesity, but the data on physical activity as a means to set children’s weight is abysmal. What the study confirmed is that screen time increases obesity consequent to calorie intake, not to a lack of physical activity. That’s a crucial message that people don’t understand obesity is not a disease of inactivity.

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Modifying children’s environment

To help our children from being obese, we need to reorganize their environment to try as much as we can to eliminate elements that facilitate occurrences of obesity. These are some of the elements to be put aside:

Sugary drinks from vending machines
Snack food serving sizes
Removed deep fryers from school cafeterias and replaced whole milk options with 1 percent and skim
Ensure new healthy nutrition standards both in schools and daycare centers for the children.
Encourage corner stores around the schools to stock their shelves with healthier snacks.

Finally controlling the happenings in our environment may be an uphill task for you and me, yet we all need to keep our children safe from obesity. If for whatever reason this problem is already affecting you or your child directly or indirectly you can get help at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under Doctor Akoury. Hear all your worries will be sorted out humanely in the most natural and efficient way. Doctor Akoury and her team are professionals who care for you and will focus on Neuroendocrine Restoration (NER) to reinstate normality through realization of the oneness of Spirit, Mind, and Body, Unifying the threesome into ONE. Giving this a try will be one of the most precious gift you can give to your children, friends and even yourself.

Childhood Obesity and the Environment-Determinant factors

Obesity and the Economy

April 13, 2014

Obesity and the Economy-Reality of Poverty

It is possible to eradicate obesity irrespective of your financial status or your environment.

The need to put food on the table is everyone’s concern globally. Each passing day the entire humanity gets out all for one assignment that is putting food on the table. Various governments are working round the clock with a view of ensuring that there are favorable conditions for doing business all these efforts are geared towards feeding their respective citizens. Much as billions of dollars is channeled in food security, ascertaining this has been a challenge for many families and governments. So many studies have been conducted world over to ensure that we have healthy and hunger free society with very little progress. It’s because of this disturbing phenomenon that I want to take you through the sad reality of how harsh economic situation is causing the poor their comfort and how the few rich people are also sharing in the problem of obesity.

Food security

Feeding the society is the number one priority of every state down to the family. In the process of doing this some people will have more than enough for them, others will not even be fortunate to have what to eat drawing the line between the poor and the rich. The rich have access to good quality and healthy foods while the poor survive on anything available, to them quality is a luxury they cannot afford. They do not have constant flow of income, majority of them live below the poverty line and can barely afford a single meal let alone the common three triangular meals.

Obesity and the Economy-Limited food budgets and choices

With limited resources the poor has to budget for food and make certain difficult choices. The little they have must take them through the month or the season before they can get another pay or income, this leads to unhealthy behaviors in many ways:

They spend on food they do it with a lot of caution making sure that they spend on durables to last them the season. In the process of doing this, they choose high fat food with dense energy: foods like sugar, cereals, potatoes and processed meat products, the choice is guided by the affordability and durability than fresh vegetables, fruits and lean meat and fish. Such foods are often not healthy with high risk of weight gain and eventually obesity to their consumers.
They often live in disadvantaged neighborhood where healthy foods are hard to get. Their environment has a disproportionate number of fast food chains and small food stores providing cheap, high fat foods.
Economic insecurity-such as problem paying bills, rent may lead to stress making them to eat high fat, sugary foods.

Obesity and the Economy-Restricted physical activities

Good health is not just about eating the right kinds of food, it involve other things including participation in physical activities. These may not be easily available to the poor. Their economic situation does not allow them to access the gym facilities for active physical activities. The absent of continuous body exercise is recipe for weight gain and obesity.

The poor cannot afford organized children’s events outside school making their children to be less active physically. This is evidence because of inflexible work schedule, lack of transportation or unmet needs for child care, poor parents especially the single mothers may find it hard to support extra activities for their children. Leaving kids in front of the television is often all stressed poor parents can manage. This inability is not helpful to the children and as a result of this many children from poor societies suffer from obesity and eventually health complications related to overweight.

Obesity and the Economy-Food deprivation and overeating

Those who are eating less or skipping meals to stretch food budgets may over-eat when food does become available, resulting in chronic ups and downs in food intake that can contribute to weight gain. Cycles of food restriction or deprivation also can lead to an unhealthy preoccupation with food and metabolic changes that promote fat storage – all the worse when in combination with overeating. Unfortunately, overconsumption is even easier given the availability of cheap, energy-dense foods in low-income communities.
The “feast or famine” situation is especially a problem for low-income parents, particularly mothers, who often restrict their food intake and sacrifice their own nutrition in order to protect their children from hunger. Such a coping mechanism puts them at risk for obesity – and research shows that parental obesity, especially maternal obesity, is in turn a strong predictor of childhood obesity.

Obesity and the Economy-High levels of stress

Low-income families, including children, may face high levels of stress due to the financial and emotional pressures of food insecurity, low-wage work and luck of access to health care, inadequate and long-distance transportation, poor housing, neighborhood violence, and other factors. Research has linked stress to obesity in youth and adults, including (for adults) stress from job-related demands and difficulty paying bills. Stress may lead to weight gain through stress-induced hormonal and metabolic changes as well as unhealthful eating behaviors. Stress, particularly chronic stress, also may trigger anxiety and depression, which are both associated with child and adult obesity.

Greater exposure to marketing of obesity-promoting products

Low-income youth and adults are exposed to disproportionately more marketing and advertising for obesity-promoting products that encourage the consumption of unhealthful foods and discourage physical activity. Such advertising has a particularly strong influence on the preferences, diets, and purchases of children, who are the targets of many marketing efforts.

Limited access to health care

Many low-income people lack access to basic health care, or if health care is available, it is lower quality. This results in lack of diagnosis and treatment of emerging chronic health problems like obesity.

It’s quite unfortunate that this avoidable health problem is still with us and causing serious suffering to the human race. I don’t know what is ringing in your mind right now that you are a bit enlightened on the risk of obesity as a result of poverty. If you feel discouraged and hopeless for being obese, I have good news for you, at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under Doctor Akoury all your worries will be sorted out doctor Akoury cares for you and will focus on Neuroendocrine Restoration (NER) to reinstate normality through realization of the oneness of Spirit, Mind, and Body, Unifying the threesome into ONE. This is something you don’t want to miss if you wish to have your life back and live it to the fullest.

Obesity and the Economy-Reality of Poverty

Obesity and Religion today

April 11, 2014

Obesity and Religion today-The truth of the matter

Weight gain, obesity has no room with this healthy but fun exercise

I come from a Christian background with good moral teachings at a family level and beyond. In my up bring I can state with certainty that apart from when in school all my days were spent either in the church or in a church related event or function, and so I am a son of the church if I may put it that way. Why this introduction in this health topic? Is there any meaningful relationship between the church (religion) and obesity as a health risk today? Answering these questions will form the basis of this article and I take the earliest opportunity to seek your indulgence to take a moment and read on.

Obesity and Religion today-Order of events

You are probably wondering why obesity in the church set up, I was wondering too but listen to this, in my introduction I mention that “apart from time spent in school, all my days were spent either in church or in a church related function” to understand this better let us discuss some of the orders of my church, every:

Mondays the church has fellowships in various local languages and this is a door to door event done in rotation depending on your cell group.
Tuesdays is set aside for senior believer’s fellowship that is those who are very strong and undoubtedly faithful to the doctrines of the church as spelt in the bible.
Wednesdays is for fellowship conducted in the national language meaning all ethnic groups attend in their respective cells (i.e.., eastern, western, central and more)
Thursdays is church bible study.
Fridays all the cell groups of Wednesdays have one regional meeting in a given location.
Saturdays is dedicated for young adult’s fellowship.
Sunday we have four different church services.

Obesity and Religion today-The diet

As you can see each day of the week is occupied. Now back to the problem of obesity in all these events and many others not mention there is food every time these meeting takes place. The feasting after each event is normally not under any control. Host members take their day and entertain their guest in their own way. You can now start to understand where I am heading to. The kinds of meals prepared are so luring and appetizing that everyone will always ask for more. At this time the knowledge of healthy feeding habits is not a consideration and faithful can only feast and make merry.

You can margin if you subscribe to all these groups and you are committed in each on a daily, weekly and monthly basis not withstanding your own poor feeding style at the restaurants and even at home, you will certainly become addicted to food and poor you it is with the wrong kinds of food which are not in any way healthy at all. It’s no wonder some studies have established that young adults who frequently attend religious activities are fifty percent more likely to become obese by middle age as compared with young adults with no religious involvement

We may not categorically state that religious participation is associated with development of obesity, but looking at the narrations above it’s possible that getting together weekly and associating good works and happiness with eating unhealthy foods could lead to the development of habits that are associated with greater body weight and obesity.”

Obesity and Religion today-Awareness

Previous research established a correlation between religious involvement and obesity in middle-age and older adults at a single point in time. By tracking participants’ weight gain over time, however the new study makes it clear that the normal weight of younger adults with high religious involvement became obese, rather than obese adults becoming more religious, this research is being presented at the American Heart Association’s Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism/Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Scientific Sessions 2011 in Atlanta, Georgia.

Obesity is the major epidemic that is facing the globe’s population right now. We know that people with obesity have substantial risks for developing diabetes, heart disease and certain types of cancer, and of dying much younger. It’s therefore very important that we use all of the tools at our disposal to identify groups at risk and to provide education and support to prevent the development of obesity in the first place. Once the weight is on, it is much harder to lose it. Knowing this, as writers and the society at large we must caution that the research findings should by all means be taken to mean that people with frequent religious involvement are more likely to become obese and not that they have worse overall health status than those who are non-religious. This is because we all can testify that people with frequent religious involvement tend to live longer than those who aren’t religious in part because they tend to smoke or take alcoholic drinks less if not at all.

Here’s an opportunity for religious organizations to initiate programs to help their congregations live even longer. The organizations already have groups of people getting together and infrastructures in place that could be leveraged to initiate programs that prevent people from becoming obese and treat existing obesity. This is an action point and these groups must desire to embrace teachings on how dietary changes and increased physical activity can lower cardiovascular disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and high blood pressure.

Now that you know how to gain weight and become obese in the religion set up you need to make a positive decision about this problem. It’s not something you would want to try but instead run away from as much as you can. I want to make this conclusion remarks for you who is reading this article, if you are already have the problem of weight gain or obesity or if you know of a friend or relative going through this, help is just a stone through away with doctor Dalal Akoury of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center. Doctor Akoury cares for you and will focus on Neuroendocrine Restoration (NER) to reinstate normality through realization of the oneness of Spirit, Mind, and Body, Unifying the threesome into ONE. This is something you don’t want to miss if you wish to have your life back and live it to the fullest.

Obesity and Religion today-The truth of the matter

Obesity and emerging neurobiology addiction

March 12, 2014

Obesity and emerging neurobiology addiction-Food addiction

Emerging neurobiology addiction offers healthy ground for obesity take a walk swim your weight away at the beaches.

It’s believed that the increased availability and consumption of highly palatable foods is the major factor behind the rise of obesity in developed countries. Many of these highly palatable foods are sweet tasting and appealing foods that contain high levels of the natural sugar sucrose. There are alternatives to sucrose the artificial sweetener sucralose is 600 times sweeter and does not contain calories but the obesity epidemic continues because the society prefers sucrose to sucralose.

Progress has been made in recent years in understanding the neurobiological underpinnings for this preference, sucrose activates dopamine neurons in a section of the brain called the striatum, and the resulting release of dopamine is associated with pleasure. Sucralose, on the other hand, does not have this effect. Moreover, the repeated consumption of high levels of sucrose can create a cycle of continued overconsumption even compulsive eating in order to recapture the initial feelings of pleasure. This is similar in many ways to drug abuse or addiction, and also involves some of the same signaling pathways within the body.

Obesity and emerging neurobiology addiction-Optogenic techniques

Researches used optogenetic techniques to show that activating dopamine neurons in the brain encouraged mice to eat in the absence of a sweet taste. The mice preferred water to sugar if their dopamine neurons were activated at the same time that they were offered the water.

A team of researchers reports that the release of dopamine is driven by melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons in the lateral hypothalamus of the brain. The experiments relied on transgenic mice in which the MCH neurons could be activated with a carefully directed light stimulus, and showed that mice preferred sucralose to sucrose when their MCH neurons had been activated. This finding was confirmed with mutant mice that lacked the cellular machinery required to recognize sweet tastes; these mice still preferred sucrose over sucralose because of its caloric content.

Researchers then engineered mice that did not have any MCH neurons at all. The fact that these mice preferred sucralose to sucrose supports a model in which MCH neurons appear to function as both a sucrose sensor and a nutrient sensor. Taken together, the results demonstrate that preference for sucrose is dependent on at least three factors: its ability to activate MCH neurons; its sweet taste as detected by the taste buds; and, as previously reported, the metabolic state of the organism. Consistent with these findings, they propose a model in which MCH neurons act as a key component of the neuronal networks that lead to the release of dopamine in response to the detection of sucrose.

Obesity and emerging neurobiology addiction-Different responses of sucrose and sucralose

A researcher showed that sucrose activates melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), which leads to the release of dopamine (DA) in the striatum: pathway shown in red. In contrast, sucralose can only induce the release of dopamine if optogenetic techniques are used to activate the MCH neurons; pathway shown in green. However, it is almost certain that various other neuronal pathways (shown by black dashed lines) are involved; these might include orexin/hypocretin (OX) neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, or other neurons elsewhere in the brain.

While this latest work shows that sucrose preference is based on its nutritive value, the actual molecular mechanisms via which it affects MCH neurons remains unknown. According to one report, since sucrose contains glucose, it could modulate the excitability of MCH neurons via potassium channels that are gated by ATP.

Experts now suggest that the activation of the MCH neurons by sucrose might be mediated indirectly by afferent nerve fibers originating from taste sensors in the taste buds and/or the gastrointestinal tract. The receptors that respond to sweet tastes also respond to the nutritional content of the food and help determine which neuropeptides should be released by taste buds Moreover, sucrose, unlike sucralose, is known to act on taste receptors in the gastrointestinal tract): this modulates the release of hormones which serve to inform the brain about the availability of calories in the body)

Taken together, these data suggest that taste receptors in both the gustatory system (the part of the sensory system that responds to taste) and the gastrointestinal system may respond to natural sugars in one way and to artificial sugars in a different way.

An outstanding challenge is to find out how MCH neurons activate dopamine neurons in the striatum. One possibility is that the orexin/hypocretin neurons in the hypothalamus have a role. Since these neurons are involved in the regulation of the desire for sugar, and they are also known to interact with MCH neurons, they might work together with MCH neurons to trigger reward.

The work of researchers represents a significant advance in our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying how mammals respond to some kinds of foods. We now understand better why we have an innate desire for sweet foods, which are highly caloric and might have been, in the past, advantageous from an evolutionary perspective. Yet in the modern world, where highly caloric food is readily available, how do we resist this drive so as to avoid the many problems that are associated with obesity?

Interestingly, it appears that the increased use of non-caloric sugar substitutes as a mechanism to prevent weight gain or enhance weight loss has come at a cost. Recent studies show that prolonged consumption of sucralose and other high-intensity sweeteners can have potentially harmful effects on energy metabolism. On the other hand, it has been reported that non-caloric sugar substitutes do little to reduce feelings of hunger.

Noting the struggle of addiction, we need to consider using new methods of treatment that will not be addictive in anyway. For the most effective Addiction Recovery is not healthy to keep using the chemical medicine, but instead to use a Natural addiction treatment to rid the victim from drug addiction. Experience a revolutionary nutritionally assisted detox program with Doctor Dalal Akoury at AWEREmed health and wellness resource centre. Here we focus on Neuroendocrine Restoration (NER) to reinstate normality through realization of the oneness of Spirit, Mind, and Body, Unifying the threesome into ONE.

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