Neuroplasticity In The Mesolimbic Dopamine System And Cocaine Addiction

July 16, 2015

Neuroplasticity In The Mesolimbic Dopamine System And Cocaine Addiction

Cocaine is the most addictive of all forms substance abuse. It is characterized by a high compulsion and relapse. Despite several years of clinical research, scientists are yet to find an effective medication. However some studies indicate the activity of neurons in the mesolimbic dopamine system, which comprises cells in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) that develop into the medial and detour prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and accumbent, motivates cocaine reward thereby contributing to high compulsion.

Based on these research activities often called neuropharmacological studies, the addiction of cocaine is caused by neuroadaptations induced by the drug. This is so reportedly because of the learning, reward-related and memory processes of the mesolimbic dopamine systems’ circuitry where dopamine projections are developed.

Neuroadaptation Cause of Cocaine Compulsion

Neuroadaptations are understood to cause very high sensitivity to cocaine. They are also believed to cause hypersensitivity to cocaine-associated electrochemical signals such as irrational decision making and irregular cultured behaviors characterized by high insensitivity to dire consequences of addiction. A major characteristics of cocaine addiction is its’s compulsive drug use despite adverse consequences and high rates of relapse during periods of abstinence. A current popular hypothesis is that compulsive cocaine use and cocaine relapse is due to drug-induced neuroadaptations in reward-related learning and memory processes, which cause hypersensitivity to cocaine-associated cues, impulsive decision making and abnormal habit-like learned behaviours that are insensitive to adverse consequences. Here, we review results from studies on the effect of cocaine exposure on selected signalling cascades, growth factors and physiological processes previously implicated in neuroplasticity underlying normal learning and memory. These include the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glutamate transmission, and synaptic plasticity (primarily in the form of long-term potentiation and depression, LTP and LTD). We also discuss the degree to which these cocaine-induced neuroplasticity changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system mediate cocaine psychomotor sensitization and cocaine-seeking behaviours, as assessed in animal models of drug addiction. Finally, we speculate on how these factors may interact to initiate and sustain cocaine psychomotor sensitization and cocaine seeking.

mesolimbic dopamine system

The premise that cocaine has a neuroadaptation effect to the chemical composition of certain parts of the brain has motivated various studies on the part of cellular actions and signaling forces that altogether causes neuro-synaptic plasticity. Effects of long-term exposure to cocaine on signaling forces, growth elements, psychosocial and physiological processes of reward transmission initially linked to neuroplasticity as a cause of mental recovery are a substantial number. They include extracellular-controlled kinase, distortion of normal neuron pathways and other neurotrophic factors, neuro-synaptic plasticity, and glutamate factors.

Neuroplasticity in Mesolimbic Dopamine System

Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to adjust to new environments or needs by developing new nerve cells throughout the body. It is the brain’s way of recovery. Neuroplasticity allows the cells to compensate for any injuries or diseases in the nerve system. It also allows the neurons reorganize themselves to perform new functions of the brain depending on changes in their working environment, also involves recovery from drug addiction such as that of cocaine.

Cocaine-induced neurochemical changes in glutamate transmissions and synaptic plasticity in the mesolimbic dopamine system facilitates cocaine psychomotor high sensitivity, compulsion, self-injection, and reinstatement, being interesting aspects of study in shedding light into cocaine addiction menace has been reviewed time and again.

Experimental Evidence of Neuroplasticity on Long-Term Exposure to Cocaine

A key consideration in the above reviews has been what experimental evidence are needed to derive a conclusion of the particular effects of long-term exposure to cocaine on neuroplasticity and how those effects facilitate the learned behavioral symptoms associated with that.

Given this objective, researchers made a strict condition that if so cocaine-induced neuroplasticity causes certain attributer learned behavior then a reversal of the physiological processes that led to that state should, therefore, guarantee a reduced exhibition of such behavior.

After further intense studies on the same, the condition is continuously being met. This has led to yet another attempt to evaluate the role of cocaine-induced neurochemical alterations in glutamate transmissions, synaptic plasticity in VTA, accumbens and amyglada in as earlier mentioned psychomotor hypersensitivity and compulsive behavioral characteristic of the drug.

Many of those studies found out repeated cocaine administration amplified the rate of activity of ERK in the development areas of the mesolimbic dopamine system, which includes the accumbens, amygdala and the prefrontal cortex of the brain.

ERK Phosphorylation in Mesolimbic Dopamine System

Triggers of increased ERK phosphorylation includes D1 dopamine receptors, (PKA) the dependent protein kinase and methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA). On the other hand it was observed triggers of reduced ERK phosphorylation include CREB the transcription factor, mitogen-and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK-1), and immediate early genes Fos and Zif268.

Extracellular signal-controlled kinase activity and the subsequent ERK-mediated reduced gene transcription are crucial for increased cocaine-induced psych as a result of exposure to the drug. On the other hand increased cocaine-induced ERK activity in the mesolimbic dopamine system does not facilitate the development of psych after a considerable time of withdrawal. Injection of either SL327 or VTA therefore before cocaine administration lessens sensitized the drug-induced movement during experimental tests for expression of psychomotor sensitization if done some time after withdrawal.

mesolimbic dopamine system

Cocaine Psychomotor Sensitization

More recent reports indicated psychomotor cocaine sensitization after several weeks of withdrawal from the drug increased ERK2 activity. This was linked to increased acumen α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and the receptor’s (AMPAR’s) surface appearance. However, no increases in ERK2 activity nor AMPAR surface expressions were observed in the specimens that did not exhibit psychomotor cocaine sensitization even after repeated non-dependent cocaine exposure and after some time of withdrawal.

Acumen’s ERK rate of activity possibly serves two specific roles in facilitating rewarding effects of the psychostimulant in a CPP procedure. During CPP training, the accumben’s rate of activity mediates consolidation of the learned behavior between the drug’s unconditioned rewarding effects and the drug’s related context during the CPP testing, ERK movement mediates serious expression of cocaine’s other habituated responses.

Systemic SL327 inoculations before cocaine CPP training prevented cocaine-induced accumbens, ERK phosphorylation and the subsequent expression of cocaine CPP. PD98059 accumben injections are given either before or after CPP training sessions blocked subsequent amphetamine CPP expression.

The relevance of the above fascinating correlational findings of cocaine’s compulsive characteristic, its’ psychomotor sensitization, and the ERK phosphorylation in the mesolimbic dopamine system is, however, a subject for further scientific, clinical research. Please sign up for this year’s August Integrative Addiction Medicine Conference to learn more about the same. Click the following link to get your chance to participate in the event: http://www.integrativeaddiction2015.com.

Neuroplasticity In The Mesolimbic Dopamine System And Cocaine Addiction

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs

June 13, 2015

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs: Choices has consequences

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs can lead to a very painful experience. Users must seek for treatment to be free from all these drugs

The choices we make in life have consequences which can either be positive or negative. It would be very nice if the choices we make lead us into enjoying the positive side of life as opposed to the harsh negatives consequences. I don’t know what you are looking for in life, but it is my hope that it is a productive thing which is beneficial for your life and the general wellbeing of your health. The drugs we are using today are staging a serious war with our physical and psychological well-being and we cannot continue burying our heads into the sand pretending that everything is alright. Dr. Dalal Akoury a veteran expert in addiction and also the MD and founder of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center tells us that the consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs are very chronic and life threatening that you wouldn’t even wish to come closer to your worst enemy let alone being the victim yourself.

I am often disturbed at the sight of young people engaging in a malty kind of drug abuse. That is to say an individual who besides abusing alcohol, is doing so along other drugs like smoking cigarette, cocaine, heroin or any other drugs. According to the experts at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center, the use of alcohol is one of the most dangerous things you can do to your health. It amazes me seeing people take more than one drug together and at the same time. I appreciate that everyone is entitle to their opinion but either way you look at it, alcohol consumption you will be rest assured that up to 98% will be all negative effects – and in fact of the said benefits three quarters are concoction benefits which do not last for instance being talkative or gaining some level of confidence while under the influence of alcohol may be seen as a benefit but as soon as time lapses and sobriety resurface you lose the benefit instantly. I believe that from this introduction we can confess that alcohol is dangerous on its own and what about if the consumer mixes alcohol with other drugs? We are getting into that shortly but in the meantime let us look at some of the effects of alcohol alone without other drugs. People who drink heavily for a long time may experience the following:

Brain and nerve damage
High blood pressure and strokes
Liver disease
Damage to the fetus, for pregnant women
Diseases of the stomach, digestive system and pancreas
Breast cancer and throat cancer
Low sex hormone levels
Alcohol dependence

Like I have mentioned these are not experiences you would want to be associated with in life because they are not only bad but also life threatening. I will tell you without a second thought that if you’re taking alcohol then the best thing you can do for your dear life is to stop and seek help by scheduling for an appointment with doctor Dalal Akoury of AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center.

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs: Taking alcohol alongside other drugs is dangerous

Alcohol and other drugs don’t mix and attempting this can be very fatal. For instance if you were to mix marijuana or club drugs (e.g. ecstasy, ketamine, GHB) with alcohol it will certainly be very difficult to make informed and smart decisions. You will be in consistent problems with the authorities because you’re not in control of yourself. You are likely to get into dangerous situations, to be injured or to injure someone else in the process. I plain language mixing alcohol with other substances is life threatening. Doing this may trigger your body to react violently causing you pain, headaches, cramps or vomiting. This is the last thing you would want to do. DON’T mix alcohol with any other drug.

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs: Legality of alcohol

Unfortunately alcohol is legal in as much as we are revealing the dangerous effects of this substances (alcohol) it is among the many addictive drugs allowed for human usage. The usage is limited to certain age bracket is a legal drug if you are of meaning that you can only use or buy alcohol if you’re within the legally allowed age. Currently in many nations across the globe the recommended age for drinking is 18 year though in some countries this limit can be up to 19 years or even more.

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs: Reducing risks and getting help

Matters relating to alcohol abuse and drug addiction are very complicated and needs proper plan in the presence and for the future to stay safe. You may want to consider the following as guide:

Have a back-up plan for getting home (have money and a phone number for a taxi, or call your parents or a friend whom you trust).
If you drink at all, it is best not to drive at all.
When relying on others for a ride, make sure you know how much the driver has drunk before deciding to get in the car (this includes rides with adults, too).
If you drink, pace your drinks, have some non-alcoholic drinks too, and eat before you drink and while you are drinking.
Plan ahead for overnight stays. Make sure you know how much your friends are drinking and how they are getting home.
Don’t mix alcohol with medicines or illegal drugs. Check with your pharmacist to be sure.

Finally I appreciate that dealing with drugs is not an easy task owing to the fact that all these drugs are very addictive. This statement is only appreciating the difficulties in handling drug addiction but it did not say that it is impossible. What this statement means is that you can do it if only you can be taken through the process of addiction recovery by the right professionals. We have spoken of the capabilities of doctor Akoury and she can be of help you if only you could make that positive step of scheduling for an appointment with her today and your addiction problems will be resting in the right hands for professional treatment. Talk to doctor Akoury freely and she will be able to help you recover from all manner of addiction.

The consequences of mixing alcohol with other drugs: Choices has consequences

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health

June 10, 2015

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Smoking your sex life out

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health are no more secretes because the suffering is being made public everyday.

If there is anything you must run away from in the world of drugs, it must be tobacco smoking. Tobacco is rich in nicotine which is very destructive to body organs and general health of humans. People who are deeply rooted into addiction are suffering all round and very little if not none at all can be admired in their habits. We appreciate that drug addiction is such a very wide topic with several substance of abuse but for the purpose of this article, we are going to be concentrating on the effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health. In other words we want to understand how cigarette smoking can impact on your sex life. This is a very interesting discussion and we are going to be talking to the experts from AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center under the able leadership of doctor Dalal Akoury MD and also the founder of the facility. Doctor Akoury has been in the medical practice well for over two decades dedicating her entire life of practice in helping both the young and old addicts across the globe recover from their various addictions. Therefore if you have been struggling with any form of addiction or if you know of anyone who is suffering from the same then you can schedule for an appointment with this great professional for the much needed professional help.

Now to the topic of discussion “the effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health” sex is very interesting and very important in human life. You must be aware that up to 99.99% of all birth is as a result of sex, in other words you and I were born or bought on this planet through sex. If this is that important like that, then we need to defend it by all means. It is quit unfortunate that we have chosen to indulge in certain life style which is very unproductive for our sexual life. In line with our discussion, cigarette smoking is one very important habit that is threatening to destroy our sexual life. This is because for us to have a meaningful sexual life there must be adequate and consistent flow of blood or blood circulation in the body for proper and sustainability of an erection during the process of sexual intercourse. The enemy number one of proper blood circulation is cigarette smoking since it exerts serious negative impact on the flow of blood by constricting blood vessels.

It is no wonder experts have from various research have established that smoking has serious negative impact on the arousal phase, erection and even lubrication. Therefore with these findings, we can categorically state that cigarette smoking is very harmful for sexual health by all standards. And besides that doctor Akoury says that the numerous substances contained within smoke alone may also exert a more immediate effects, leading to a significant reduction in erectile capacity after just a puff of one cigarette. Besides these other effects on sexual life that comes as a result of cigarette smoking may also negatively affect fertility, promote certain sexual diseases and lead to an early menopause. These dangers put together can only mean that cigarette addiction must be fought hard professionally and doctor Akoury will be very helpful if only you could call her today for an appointment.

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Effects of smoking on sexual health

The connection between long-term smoking and arousal disorders (erectile dysfunction or lubrication problems) is well known and has been demonstrated. Although it is true that sexual health problems may be caused by many things, it is important to observe smoking as a risk factor in itself, especially when an arousal problem suddenly develops. Smoking effectively poses certain well-known risk to cardiovascular health and given that circulation problems are the main physical cause of erectile dysfunction, it then becomes very clear that nicotine and tobacco will have a very negative impact on the sexual health of a smoker thanks to their detrimental effects on blood supply.

The correlation between erectile problems and cardiovascular illnesses, as well as the constriction of the penal arteries, underpins the concept of the “sentinel symptom”, given that erectile dysfunction can be an early warning sign of broader cardiovascular illnesses. Erectile dysfunction can therefore appear several years before the first cardiac symptoms. The harmful effect that smoking exerts on the whole network of veins seems to depend on the dosage and on how long the person has smoked.

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Physiology

It is important to appreciate the fact that the penis is not formed of bones and so the blood vessels in the penis are the ones that facilitate or cause an erection as a result to a build-up of blood in the spongy tissues of the reproductive organ. Should anything obstruct the arteries then the blood supply no longer reaches an optimal level and this will definitely cause problems. The constant flow of blood is so crucial that even a reduction of say 25% in blood supply is enough to affect the quality of an erection, whereas the supply in the coronary arteries must generally fall below 50% for physical symptoms of heart disease such as angina to become present.

That is why the specialized literature now recognizes that erectile dysfunction in men of all ages can be a useful warning sign of latent cardiovascular problems. Furthermore, the most commonly used medication for treating erectile dysfunction (e.g. Viagra®, Cialis®, Levitra®) act by increasing the blood supply, which emphasizes the importance of good circulation as a major contributor to adequate sexual arousal. Circulation problems in women can also lead to an insufficient level of arousal, for example, vaginal dryness.

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Smoking just one cigarette can affect erection

Among the innumerable active ingredients in tobacco, nicotine, carbon monoxide and certain free radicals are responsible for the constriction of blood vessels with a more immediate effect this has been well demonstrated by several studies in the recent past. An occasional cigarette can therefore lead to a significant decrease in erectile performance, for instance an increase of over 20% compared to a non-smoker!

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Tobacco is a risk factor

The high instance of smokers among sufferers of erectile dysfunction, significantly higher than in the general population (40% compared to 28%), clearly points to a straightforward correlation between tobacco and erection problems. Epidemiological studies suggest that smokers may be twice as likely to develop erection problems as non-smokers. The risk is obviously higher if we take into account the risks posed by other smoking-related conditions such as diabetes.

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Tobacco is harmful for sexual health

As it has been established in many studies, tobacco leads to an impaired arousal phase among men and women. However, the negative effects of tobacco are not limited to arousal and erection problems. Smoking can also affect fertility, effectively decreasing it among both male and female smokers and it can also cause problems during pregnancy. The anti-estrogen effect of smoking tends to bring the menopause several years e.g. 10 years upfront.

Finally considering that cigarette smoking is also very addictive, it will be very important that the effects of cigarette smoking on sexual health are not only addressed at that level but also as an addiction problem. We are privilege that doctor Dalal Akoury who is a professional in both conditions and have had a very good track record in her treatment undertakings for the past decades of professional practice. For those wishing to stop smoking and regain a functional and fulfilling sex life calling doctor Akoury will be the starting point.

It should also be noted that although sexual health problems do not generally affect life expectancy, they are more common than people think and considerably affect the overall health of an individual. Therefore individuals suffering from such should consider reaching out for doctor Akoury who will up on receipt of their appointment call, will carry out an evaluation on their individual situations and condition. Thereafter she will recommend the most appropriate recovery process.

Effects of cigarette addiction on sexual health: Smoking your sex life out

Meditation in Addiction Recovery

May 24, 2015

Role of Mindfulness Meditation in Addiction Recovery

Meditation During the initial stages of recovery, a person may feel some kind of mental haziness. It takes lots of struggle for them to think clearly after stopping using the drug they are addicted to. They will also experience emotional instability. Failure to adjust to these changes may lead to relapse.

Integrative techniques that foster meditation and mindfulness have shown increasing promise in the successful completion of a drug addiction treatment program. Meditation’s ability to “retrain thought” can serve to alter cognitive processing in the brain, thus leading to healthier interactions in the brain’s reward center. The process of meditation also serves to produce stress-reduction naturally thereby reducing the powers of triggers, cravings and withdrawal symptoms in recovering individuals. In addition, meditation has been found to lower the rate of relapse in recovering addicts.

What is mindfulness meditation?

In mindful mediation a patient pays attention to the present moment. It aims at setting the mind free from thoughts that may rekindle the flame of addiction and cause relapse. Through it a patient learns to be aware of his thoughts and emotions without letting the emotions sway his judgment. As practice by Buddhists it is a non-judgmental form of observation.

It is also known as Sati as was in ancient Pali; which is a language in India. It is essential for those Buddhists seeking enlightment as it involves three elements; awareness, attention and remembering. If you have to succeed you must be aware of the object you are focusing on, pay attention to it and remember it.

How effective is Meditation in Addiction Recovery?

The body of evidence for the power of meditation in addiction treatment is increasing. As a matter of fact, a 2007 research presented that individuals who participated in meditation during addiction recovery gained higher levels of coping skills as well as amplified awareness of substance abuse triggers that aided addiction recovery. In another peer-reviewed study indicated the effects of prayer and meditation on dopamine levels, servicing the mind and body by creating contentedness and calm through the brain’s pathways, this helps as a substitute for the effects the drugs produced in the patient.

Meditation minimizes chances of alcohol and drug relapse

Meditation may also be effective in preventing relapse. Research has repeatedly shown that maximized sobriety is achieved when meditation is incorporated in treatment and recovery programs. Mindful meditation has been shown to assist patients in coping with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and trauma.

Meditation and smoking cessation

Past researches have shown that mediation has effects on chemical dependency and this can be extended to nicotine addiction. Meditation has great effects in smokers and it has been verified that it increases recovery rates of smokers.

In a 2009 study of close to 160 smokers by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, it was established that mindfulness practices linked to lower physical addiction levels and floored withdrawal effects. Additionally, those who practiced mindful mediation techniques experienced a greater belief in their ability to quit smoking, showing that mindful mediation therapy may help those struggling with nicotine addiction.

Alternative and Eastern-based meditative practices incorporated into individual alcoholism and drug abuse treatment plans seem to garner some of the most promising findings in relation to emerging research. Another study was done in 2010 and it involved studying the use of the qi gong meditative practices by close to 250 substance abusers and it was found to increase the addiction recovery completion by about 14 percent. The substance abusers who were part of this study showed lower cravings, reduced withdrawal symptoms as well as reduced anxiety levels.

Similar results have been studied in one of the most popular forms of meditative practice in addiction treatment and recovery, known as Vipassana. Vipassana is a Buddhist nonjudgmental, observational practice, it seeks to harness thought positively in relation to cognitive identification with addictive impulses. A 2006 study on addicted and enslaved individuals found that Vipassana meditation minimized rates of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine abuse in released prisoners who learned the meditative technique. As a matter of fact, Vipassana participants also showed fewer alcohol-related side effects as well as fewer mental health conditions and even improved relations in social circles.

Benefits of Mindfulness Meditation in Addiction Recovery

These are some of the benefits of mindfulness meditation for people in recovery:

This practice makes life in sobriety far more enjoyable. The individual is able to get pleasure from even the simplest things.
Those who practice the technique find it easier to manage their interpersonal relationships
Early recovery is like an emotional rollercoaster. By practicing mindfulness, the individual will feel more in control and better able to deal with the highs and lows.
People who practice mindfulness will be better able to spot the warning signs that they are losing their hold on recovery. This way they will be able to avoid a relapse.
Cravings usually continue to arise in recovery. Mindfulness allows the individual to observe such thoughts without being carried away by them. People learn that they are not always responsible for their thoughts, nor do they have to be a victim to them.

Recovering fully from addiction is a challenging process that requires enough support for the recovering addict. Help and hope for addicts is available at AWAREmed Health and Wellness Resource Center. Do not hesitate to call on Dr. Dalal Akoury (MD) any day for assistance.

Role of Mindfulness Meditation in Addiction Recovery

NAD Therapy for Cravings Reduction

May 24, 2015

NAD Therapy For Reduction Of Cravings, Withdrawal Symptoms And Detoxification

NAD Therapy Contrary to what many people think, addiction isn’t just a disease of the body alone but also of the mind and therefore any therapy for addiction has to treat all these aspects to be successful. When you are being treated from withdrawal effects of any drug but the doctors fail to give a therapy that will help heal the conditions that create depression, fatigue and anxiety, the chances of relapse become even higher and you may not completely recover from the effects of the drug.

Similarly if you withdraw from a substance and do not understand the psychological and spiritual issues that promoted the need for it, then relapse is likely and the lessons of disease have not been learnt.

Integrative medicine avails the tools that are instrumental in assessing and treating the conditions in the body that culminate into fatigue, depression, and anxiety, thereby increasing the likelihood of chemical dependency. These include:

Hypothyroidism
Neurotransmitter deficiency
Gluten intolerance
Metabolic cofactor deficiency
Adrenal fatigue
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) deficiency

These “terrain issues” in the body have to be properly addressed so as to make detoxification easier and to inhibit relapse.

Addiction is a complex disease that must be properly addressed as it doesn’t only affect the body alone but also the mind. most of the symptoms that are exhibited in the body are developed within the consciousness, the body is just an avenue through which these emotional traumas, fears , irrational thoughts, chemical imbalances in the brain and conflicts are showed.

Diseases are a way through which the body seeks your attention and beckons self-exploration in pursuit of true healing.

One of the hardest stages in addiction treatment and recovery that those addicted to drugs have to endure is detoxification. this is necessary as drugs of abuse always alter the chemical balances in the brain hence this balance must be restored.

Drug withdrawal can cause symptoms such as sweating, fever, hallucinations and even seizures. The severity of these withdrawal symptoms can prevent a person from maintaining sobriety. It can even make it impossible for a person to stop using the drugs in the first place.

The coenzyme NAD, also known as “biological rocket fuel,” is a good approach to treatment of addiction and recovery. It might also help in reducing the drug cravings .

What is NAD?

NAD is an abbreviation that stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. this is an activated form of vitamin B3. It is naturally present within every cell in the human body. It not only helps in regulating gene expression but also mediates calcium levels. NAD is also a participant in a number of redox reactions – in other words, it reacts with oxygen in the body.

Owing to these reactions, It is a powerful anti-oxidant that can help in reducing the populations of dangerous free radicals hence protecting the body from aging and diseases that are caused by oxidative damage like cancer. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is also an essential component of the citric acid cycle known to many people as Krebs cycle; a cellular process that is essential for the production of energy for every cell and organ in the body.

How can IV NAD therapy benefit drug addicts?

When a drug of abuse is used for a long time, it alters the chemical makeup of the body. The addict will be glued to the drug and whenever he stops the brain has to begin learning how to work. For this reason any recovery plan must put in place ways to help the brain to rebuild and to function optimally. Without healing the brain the withdrawal symptoms and cravings for a drug will relapse.

Since NAD is essential for energy production, increasing the availability of NAD increases cellular energy. When the energy is increased the brain can more quickly rebuild its neurotransmitter population and fix its connections. This condition will help in rebuilding the brain and restoring its functions.

The NAD therapy results in an increased sense of well-being, clearer cognition. it also reduces the severity of the withdrawal symptoms.

What are the advantages of NAD over other detox methods?

NAD works better and quicker as compared to other detoxification methods. Just within four days of treatment with NAD the withdrawal symptoms as well as physical cravings are reduced. This can be especially inspiring during the beginning phases of drug cessation. Other detox methods take a while before they start working – with NAD infusions, recovering drug addicts are provided with near-immediate relief, encouraging them to continue pursuing sobriety.

NAD Therapy Unlike other treatment methods, NAD is completely natural and non-addictive. This therefore is a guarantee that the addict will not suffer another addiction as a result of the drug used in treating him that was addictive.

Addicts who have received NAD therapy have testified that it helps them feel better and more energetic. They have also shown NAD have reported decreased withdrawal symptoms and a diminished desire to use. Since this treatment has no side effects and has received positive reviews, it may be prudent and safe to try the therapy.

NAD therapy is offered at AWAREmed Health and Wellness resource center. Here we ourselves fully to offering lasting solution to the menace of addiction. Don’t hesitate to call Dr. Dalal Akoury (MD) on (843)213-1480 for help.

NAD Therapy For Reduction Of Cravings, Withdrawal Symptoms And Detoxification

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